低蛋白饲粮添加限制性氨基酸对生长阉公猪生产性能、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率及氮排放的影响  

Effects of Low Protein Diets Supplemented with Limiting Amino Acids on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,and Nitrogen Emissions of Growing Barrows

作　　者：李美君[1] 廖鹏 邓灶福[1] 龙涛 李运虎[1] LI Meijun;LIAO Peng;DENG Zaofu;LONG Tao;LI Yunhu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic,Hunan Changsha 410127,China;Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hunan Changsha 410125,China;School of Continuing Education,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南生物机电职业技术学院动物科技学院,湖南长沙410127 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,湖南长沙410125 [3]湖南农业大学继续教育学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第19期59-66,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目[2020JJ7047];湖南省教育厅科学研究项目[19C1102]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究低蛋白饲粮添加限制性氨基酸对生长阉公猪生产性能、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率及氮排放量的影响。选取初始体重为(24.16±2.23)kg的“杜×长×大”阉公猪32头,随机分为4组。对照组(A组)为正常蛋白质水平饲粮组,含粗蛋白(CP)18%,试验B、C、D组为低蛋白水平饲粮,分别含CP 15%、14%、13%,并添加赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸和异亮氨酸。试验期35 d。结果表明:(1)饲粮CP水平降至14%对生长阉公猪生产性能无显著影响(P>0.05),降至13%则试验猪末重、平均日增重及平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05)。(2)试验猪的食入氮、粪氮排放量、尿氮排放量以及总氮排放量均随饲粮CP水平降低而降低。各试验组尿氮、总氮排放量均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),其中试验B、C、D组尿氮排放分别降低37.86%、46.11%和52.21%,总氮排放量分别降低22.57%、28.80%和32.48%;各组氮沉积、氮沉积率无显著差异(P>0.05);各试验组氮表观生物学价值均高于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)血清尿素氮主要受饲粮CP水平影响,与对照组相比,各试验组血清尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05)。各组血清总蛋白、白蛋白、血糖、胆固醇、三酰甘油含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。(4)与对照组相比,试验B组增重成本降低1.99%(P>0.05),试验C组增重成本降低1.94%(P>0.05)。说明低蛋白饲粮添加限制性氨基酸后CP水平降至14%时不仅对生长猪生产性能无显著影响,而且尿氮、总氮排放量极显著降低,增重成本也较低。This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of adding limiting amino acids in low protein diets on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,nutrient apparent digestibility and nitrogen emissions of growing barrows.Thirty-two Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire boars with initial body weight[(24.16±2.23)kg]were randomly divided into 4 groups.The control group A was the normal protein level diet group,namely 18%crude protein(CP),the experimental group B,C and D were low protein level diets,which were 15%CP,14%CP and 13%CP,and supplemented with lysine,methionine,threonine,tryptophan and isoleucine,respectively.The experiment lasted for 35 days.The results showed that:①reducing dietary protein level to 14%had no significant effect on the growth performance of growing barrows(P>0.05)and decreased to 13%could significantly reduce the final weight,average daily gain and average daily feed intake(P<0.05).②The nitrogen intake,fecal nitrogen emission,urinary nitrogen emission and total nitrogen emission of growing barrows were decreased with the decrease of dietary protein level.The urinary nitrogen and total nitrogen emissions of each experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.01),the urinary nitrogen emissions in group B,C and D were reduced by 37.86%,46.11%and 52.21%,respectively,and the total nitrogen emissions in group B,C and D were reduced by 22.57%,28.80%and 32.48%,respectively.There was no significant difference in nitrogen deposition and nitrogen deposition rate among all groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in nitrogen deposition and nitrogen deposition rate among all group(P>0.05);The apparent biological value of nitrogen in each experimental group was higher than that in the control group,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).③Serum urea nitrogen was mainly affected by dietary CP level.Compared with the control group,the serum urea nitrogen content of each experimental group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).There was no significant diffe

关 键 词：低蛋白饲粮 生产性能 氮排放 生长猪 限制性氨基酸 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]