纯电动车驱动电机加速噪声分析及优化  

Analysis and Optimization of Acceleration Noise of DrivingMotors of Pure Electric Vehicles

作　　者：罗德洋 张吉健 常光宝 LUO Deyang;ZHANG Jijian;CHANG Guangbao(Technique Department Center of SAIC GMWuling Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545007,Guangxi,China;Wuhan Rongshengqi Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430014 China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司技术中心,广西柳州545007 [2]武汉融声奇科技有限公司,武汉430014 [3]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2023年第5期203-208,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

摘　　要：为研究纯电动车的电机电磁振动噪声问题,采用试验与仿真相结合的方法,对某款电机进行加速振动与噪声测试,通过诊断分析确定其主要噪声阶次为48阶,主要问题转速点为4300 r/min、6500 r/min和9800 r/min,随后采用仿真手段对电机加速过程的电磁噪声进行电磁-振动-噪声的多物理场耦合分析,对比仿真与测试结果发现两者吻合较好,说明该仿真方法具有较高的精度。随后进行电磁噪声源及结构板块贡献量分析,发现转速点4300 r/min和6500 r/min的噪声主要由转矩脉动产生,而9800 r/min的噪声由径向电磁力产生,主要声辐射部位为出线盒和控制器盖板,进而通过优化电机转子外圆开槽尺寸和结构刚度来降低电磁噪声,仿真及试验结果验证了优化后电磁噪声已明显降低。In order to study the electromagnetic vibration and noise of pure electric vehicles,the acceleration vibration and noise of a certain motor are tested and simulated.Through diagnosis and analysis,it is determined that the main noise order is 48th and the main problem speeds are 4300 r/min,6500 r/min and 9800 r/min.Then the multi-physical-field coupling analysis of electromagnetic vibration noise in the acceleration process of the motor is carried out by means of simulation.Comparing the simulation and test results mutually,it is found that they are in a good agreement,indicating that the simulation method has high accuracy.Then,the contributions of the electromagnetic noise source and the structural plates are analyzed.The noise at the speeds of 4300 r/min and 6500 r/min is mainly caused by torque ripple,while at the speed of 9800 r/min it is caused by radial electromagnetic force.The main sound radiation parts are the cover plate of controller and outlet box.Furthermore,the electromagnetic noise is reduced by optimizing the outer circle slotting size of the motor rotor and structural stiffness of the main radiation parts.The simulation and experimental verification show that the electromagnetic noise of the motor after the structural optimization is significantly reduced.

关 键 词：声学 加速噪声 电磁噪声 多物理场 电磁优化 结构优化 

分 类 号：TM301.43[电气工程—电机]