温光敏两系杂交小麦杂交种纯度的表型和标记检测比较  

Comparison of Phenotype and Marker Detection in Seed Purity of Thermo-Photo Sensitive Two-Line Wheat Hybrids

作　　者：李宏生[1] 李绍祥[1] 杨忠慧 杨家李 刘琨[1] 熊世安 李富乾 郭辉 杨木军[1] Li Hongsheng;Li Shaoxiang;Yang Zhonghui;Yang Jiali;Liu Kun;Xiong Shian;Li Fuqian;Guo Hui;Yang Mujun(Institute of Food Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China;College of Agriculture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China;Seed Management Station of Zhenxiong County,Zhaotong 657200,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南农业大学农学院,云南昆明650201 [3]镇雄县种子管理站,云南昭通657200

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第4期71-76,共6页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32160473);云南省财政部门预算重大专项―粮食安全种业支撑专项(530000210000000013809)。

摘　　要：杂交种纯度鉴定是温光敏两系杂交小麦杂交种生产和应用的关键环节,目前主要通过田间种植杂交种进行表型鉴定,该方法耗时较长。以田间种植表型鉴定和SSR荧光标记分析2种方法同时对2个优良组合K64S/20Y4-5和K64S/MR1238的杂交种进行纯度鉴定,比较2种方法对纯度的鉴定效果。结果表明,2个杂交种的田间种植表型鉴定纯度分别为98.84%和97.93%;从8对SSR荧光标记中筛选出3对标记(barc164、gwm161和gwm610)在双亲间存在多态性,用barc164检测2个杂交种的纯度分别为97.73%和97.21%,略低于田间种植表型鉴定结果,两者差异不明显。此外,SSR荧光标记不仅能区分杂交种中混杂的温光敏不育系自交单株和父本单株,还能准确鉴定父本不纯和制种中父本间“串粉”等导致的伪杂种。因此,SSR荧光标记检测可代替田间种植表型鉴定,可快速准确地鉴定温光敏两系杂交小麦杂交种的纯度。The purity identification of hybrid seeds is one of key steps in the production and application of thermo-photo sensitive wheat hybrids.At present,seed purity is determined mainly by field phenotypic identification of planted hybrids in the field,which takes a long time.The purity of two elite combinations K64S/20Y4-5 and K64S/MR1238 were tested by phenotypic identification in field and SSR fluoresent marker screening.Meanwhile,the results of identification of two ways were compared.The results showed that the purity of two hybrids were 98.84%and 97.93%respectively through phenotypic identification in field.There were three pairs of primers(barc164,gwm161 and gwm610)of eight pairs of primers showed polymorphism between parents.The purities of two hybrids were 97.73%and 97.21%using primer of barc164,respectively,slightly lower than those of phenotypic identification in field,but there was no significantly difference between two methods.In addition,SSR fluoresent marker could not only distinguish seeds including self-cross single plant of sterile line and mechanical mixture of male parent,but also accurately identify pseudo-hybrids caused by impure male parents and outcrossing with foreign pollens in hybrid seed production.Therefore,SSR fluorescent markers could be replaced phenotypic identification for quickly testing the purity of hybrids.

关 键 词：小麦 温光敏不育系 杂交种 纯度 SSR 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]