井窖深度与覆盖方式对窖内气热环境及烤烟生长和产量的影响  

The Effects of Well Cellar Depth and Mulching Methods on the Gas-Thermal Environment and Flue-Cured Tobacco Growth and Yield

作　　者：刘晓敏 徐锐 孙敬国 赵凡冲 司振兴 梁郅哲 许自成[1] 韩丹[1] Liu Xiaomin;Xu Rui;Sun Jingguo;Zhao Fanchong;Si Zhenxing;Liang Zhizhe;Xu Zicheng;Han Dan(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;Xiangyang Branch of Hubei Tobacco Company,Xiangyang 441003,Hubei,China;Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430030,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]湖北省烟草公司襄阳市公司,湖北襄阳441003 [3]湖北省烟草科学研究院,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第5期157-163,共7页Crops

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖北省公司科技攻关项目(027Y2020-018,027Y2022-016)。

摘　　要：为给湖北襄阳平原烟区选择适宜的井窖移栽方式提供依据,研究了井窖深度与覆盖方式对窖内气热环境和烤烟生长及产量的影响。在田间条件下,设置井窖深度(15和20cm)、覆盖处理(覆膜和杯罩),分析不同处理对井窖内空气温湿度、CO_(2)和O_(2)浓度、叶面热成像温度、烤烟生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明,杯罩处理井窖内平均湿度和CO_(2)浓度均高于覆膜处理,并且叶面热成像平均温度(27.01℃)显著低于覆膜处理(31.01℃),为烟苗前期生长提供了一个较合适的气热环境。烤烟生长数据表明,杯罩处理相比覆膜处理促进了根系纵向生长,增加了叶宽和叶片数,提高了经济效益。井窖深度15cm较20cm处理的烤烟农艺性状和经济性状表现好。综合各项指标可知,在湖北襄阳平原地区杯罩移栽与井窖深度15cm处理组合能够促进烤烟地上部生长发育,提高经济效益。The effects of well cellar depth and mulching methods on the gas-thermal environment in the cellar and the growth and yield of flue-cured tobacco were studied to provide a basis for selecting suitable well cellar transplanting methods in Xiangyang plain tobacco area of Hubei province.Under field conditions,two well cellar depths(15 and 20cm)and two mulching treatments(film mulching and cup cover)were set up to analyze the effects of different treatments on air temperature and humidity,CO_(2) and O_(2) concentrations,leaf thermal imaging temperature,flue-cured tobacco growth and yield in the well cellar.The results showed that the average humidity and CO_(2) concentration in the well cellar were higher than those of the film mulching treatment,and the average temperature of leaf thermal imaging(27.01℃)was significantly lower than that of the film mulching treatments(31.01℃),which provided a more suitable air-heat environment for the early growth of tobacco seedlings.The growth data of flue-cured tobacco showed that cup transplanting promoted the longitudinal growth of roots,increased leaf width and the number of leaves,and improved economic benefits compared with film mulching treatments.The agronomic and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco treated with well cellar depth of 15cm were better than those treated with well cellar depth of 20cm.It could be seen from the comprehensive indicators that the combination of cup transplanting and well cellar depth of 15cm in Xiangyang plain area could promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco aboveground and improve economic benefits.

关 键 词：烤烟 井窖深度 覆盖方式 气热环境 生长发育 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]