陕南烤烟上部叶一次性采收时期对烟叶质量的影响  

Effects of Once-Over Harvesting Period on the Qualities of Upper Leaves of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Southern Shaanxi

作　　者：段俊雅 赵园园 彭智良 张永锋 段卫东 杨青玺 王松岭 陈小龙 史宏志[1] Duan Junya;Zhao Yuanyuan;Peng Zhiliang;Zhang Yongfeng;Duan Weidong;Yang Qingxi;Wang Songling;Chen Xiaolong;Shi Hongzhi(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University/Research Center for Tobacco Harm Reduction/Tobacco Industry Key Laboratory of tobacco Cultivation,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Shangluo Branch of Shaanxi Provincial Tobacco Company,Shangluo 711599,Shaanxi,China;China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450016,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/烟草农业减害研究中心/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450046 [2]陕西省烟草公司商洛市公司,陕西商洛711599 [3]河南中烟工业有限责任公司,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第5期231-237,共7页Crops

基　　金：中国烟草总公司陕西省公司科技项目(2021611000270041);河南中烟工业有限责任公司项目(2021410000340260)。

摘　　要：为明确陕南烟区烤烟上六片一次性采收的适宜时期,于2020-2021年研究了主栽品种云烟99上部叶一次性采收时期对烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明,随采收时间延迟,上部叶成熟度增加,烟碱含量升高,吸食劲头增大,糖碱比降低;油分、总糖、还原糖、淀粉和中性致香物质含量随采收期延迟呈先升高后降低的趋势。中部叶采收结束后延迟20d采收的上部叶外观质量最好,延迟10d采收的总糖、还原糖和淀粉含量最高,延迟15d采收的中性致香物质含量最高;通过对感官评吸得分模拟回归方程得出,上部叶在中部叶采收结束后延迟16~18d一次性采收时烟气品质、烟气丰富程度和综合感官质量最佳。综合烟叶品质和工业公司对卷烟原料的需求,陕南烟区在中部叶采收结束后16~18d一次性采收上部叶较为适宜。In order to clarify the suitable period for once-over harvesting of the upper six leaves of flue-cured tobacco in the southern Shaanxi tobacco-growing area in 2020 and 2021,the effects of once-over harvesting period on the quality of upper leaves of the main variety Yunyan 99 were studied.The results showed that,with the delaying of harvesting,the maturity,nicotine content and intake impact of the upper leaves increased,and the sugar-nicotine ratio decreased,and the contents of oil,total sugar,reducing sugar,starch and neutral aroma substances firstly increased and then decreased.The appearance quality of the upper leaves with a delaying of 20d after the harvesting of the middle leaves was the best,the contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and starch were the highest when the harvesting time was delayed 10d,and the contents of neutral aroma substances were the highest when the harvesting time was delayed 15d.By simulating the regression equations of sensory evaluation scores,it was concluded that the aroma quality,aroma abundance and comprehensive sensory quality of the upper leaves were the best when once-over harvesting was delayed 16-18d after the middle leaves were harvested.Considering the quality of tobacco leaves and the requirements of industrial companies for cigarette raw materials,it was more appropriate to harvest the upper leaves at one time 16-18d after the middle leaves were harvested in the tobacco area of southern Shaanxi.

关 键 词：陕南 烤烟 上部叶 一次性采收时期 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]