维持性腹膜透析患者生存质量与营养状态相关性及膳食结构调查  

Investigation on the relationship between quality of life and nutritional status and dietary structure in maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients

作　　者：宗静 夏莉 岳平 ZONG Jing;XIA Li;YUE Ping(Department of Nephrology,Huaian First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,Huaian 223300,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院肾内科,江苏淮安223300

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2023年第26期60-63,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：江苏省干部保健科研课题项目(BJ19018)。

摘　　要：目的调查维持性腹膜透析(PD)患者膳食结构,并分析该类患者生存质量与营养状态相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年1月至2022年1月南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院肾内科(以下简称为“我院”)符合纳入及排除标准的85例PD患者作为本调查对象。通过中文版肾脏病生存质量简表(KDQOL-SFTM1.3)和主观综合营养评估法(PG-SGA)分别对患者生存质量和营养状态进行调查,同时通过自制问卷调查患者膳食结构、人口学资料及营养相关的生化指标,并分析PD患者生存质量与营养状态相关性。结果80例PD患者膳食结主要以汤水类、粮豆类、蛋奶类、腌制油炸类、速食为主,但食用频次较低;PG-SGA≥4分51例(63.75%);KDQOL-SFTM1.3评分肾脏和透析相关生存质量和一般健康相关生活质量各项评分,处于中低水平。三组透析时间、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、血肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、钙、磷、肾脏和透析相关生存质量(KDTA)评分及健康调查量表36(SF-36)评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。KDTA评分、SF-36评分、ALB、TC、Scr与轻中度营养不良组呈负相关(P<0.05);而KDTA评分、SF-36评分、ALB、TC、Scr、透析时间与重度营养不良组呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论PD患者营养状态与生活质量均处于较低水平,且两者呈负相关。护理人员应结合患者膳食结构和营养状态,制订合理化饮食方案,以实现改善PD患者的临床结局。Objective To investigate the dietary outcomes of patients with maintenance peritoneal dialysis(PD)and to analyze the relationship between quality of life and nutritional status.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 85 PD patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the Department of Nephrology,Huaian First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University(hereinafter referred to as“our hospital”)from January 2021 to January 2022 as the objects of this investigation.Patients’quality of life and nutritional status were investigated by kidney disease quality of life short form 1.3(KDQOL-SFTM1.3)and patient-generated subjective global assessment(PG-SGA),respectively.Meanwhile,patients’dietary structure,demographic data and nutrition-related biochemical indicators were investigated by self-made questionnaires,and the correlation between quality of life and nutritional status of PD patients was analyzed.Results The diets of 80 PD patients were mainly soups,grains and beans,eggs and milk,marinated and fried,and fast food,but the frequency of consumption was low.PG-SGA≥4 points in 51 cases(63.75%);KDQOL-SFTM1.3 renal and dialysis-related quality of life and general health-related quality of life,the average scores of the two scales were(62.34±6.46)points,which was in the medium and low level.There were significant differences in dialysis duration,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),parathyroid hormone(PTH),calcium,phosphorus,kidney disease-targeted areas(KDTA)scores,and 36-item fhort form health survey(SF-36)scores among the three groups(P<0.05).KDTA score,SF-36 score,ALB,TC,Scr were negatively correlated with mild to moderate malnutrition group(P<0.05).KDTA score,SF-36 score,ALB,TC,Scr,and dialysis time were negatively correlated with severe malnutrition group(P<0.01).Conclusion The nutritional status and quality of life of PD patients are both at a low level,and the two are negatively correlated.Therefore,nursing staff should formulate a rational diet plan based on the dietary structure and

关 键 词：维持性腹膜透析 生存质量 营养状态 膳食结构 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]