海南北部蔬菜生境天敌瓢虫多样性研究  

Community structure and species diversity of predatory ladybeetles in vegetable crops in north Hainan

作　　者：唐良德 赵海燕 郭灵杭 TANG Liang-De;ZHAO Hai-Yan;GUO Ling-Hang(National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide,Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Tobacco Science,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;School of Plant Protection,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学绿色农药全国重点实验室,贵州大学绿色农药与农业生物工程教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学烟草学院,贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵阳550025 [3]海南大学植物保护学院,海口570228

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2023年第4期1054-1062,共9页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(1630042017025);贵州大学自然科学基金(202101)。

摘　　要：为了解海南北部主要蔬菜作物生境天敌瓢虫的群落结构和物种多样性,本文利用黄板诱集法于2019年对茄子、豇豆和辣椒生境的天敌瓢虫种类和数量进行了调查研究。结果表明,3种作物生境共采集获得瓢虫标本4993头,隶属于16个属28种,其群落多样性从高到低依次为茄子、辣椒和豇豆生境,其中茄子生境拥有28种,辣椒和豇豆生境分别为10种和11种。茄子生境的多样性指数、丰富度指数、优势度指数和均匀度指数均为最高,分别为1.58、3.40、0.27和0.47,明显高于豇豆和辣椒生境。无论哪种生境,六斑月瓢虫Cheilomenes sexmaculata(Fabricius)和龟纹瓢虫Propylae japonica(Thunberg)均是优势种类,分别占整个瓢虫数量相对多度的45.26%和19.67%。两种优势瓢虫时序变化特征表明,瓢虫数量呈多峰型分布,5月中下旬至7月上旬这一时段总体发生数量较低。研究结果可为海南北部蔬菜作物生境天敌瓢虫保护和利用提供理论依据。To clarify the species diversity of ladybeetles from different types of vegetables in North Hainan Province,an investigation was conducted by yellow board trap in 2019.In total,4993 individuals of ladybeetles were sampled,belonging to 28 species and 16 genera.The diversity of the ladybeetles community decreased in the following sequence:Eggplant,chili and cowpea.There were 28 species were found in eggplant habitat,only 10 and 11 species were found in the chili and cowpea habitats,respectively.The Shannon-wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index,Berger-Parker dominance index and Margalef richness index of eggplant habitat were higher than chili and cowpea habitat,which were 1.58,3.40,0.27 and 0.47,respectively.The relative abundance showed that Cheilomenes sexmaculata and Propylae japonica were higher than other ladybeetle species,which were 45.26%and 19.67%,respectively.There was a lower diversity of the two ladybeetles community from mid-to-late May to early July,while the other time showed a higher diversity with fluctuation.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the diversity protection and utilization of ladybeetles in vegetables in North Hainan.

关 键 词：海南 作物生境 瓢虫 生物多样性 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]