马克思对资本与时间关系的三重批判及其超越  

Marx's Triple Critique of the Relationship between Capital and Time and Its Transcendence

作　　者：王坤[1] 刘云杉 Wang Kun;Liu Yunshan

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学马克思主义学院,天津300134 [2]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津300350

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期22-31,共10页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(22YJC710066)。

摘　　要：资本主义生产方式为时间确立了全新的结构与组织方式,塑造了整个资本主义文明。资本以线性时间形成对生产关系的支配,以循环时间形成对交换关系和社会关系的支配,以历史时间形成对世界历史演进的支配。马克思成功揭示并批判了资本与时间的三重内在关系,共同构成了马克思资本主义时间批判的科学体系。马克思通过对资本主义线性时间、循环时间和历史时间三重相互关联的时间形态的剖析,揭示并批判了资本在不同层面对人类文明的支配。马克思以社会主义为载体寻求对时间困局的超越,以生命时间和自由时间的解放以及文明的开放性,谋求一种根本性的时代变迁和人类文明进步。Capitalism has established an entirely new structure and organization for time,shaping the entire capitalist civilization.Capital asserts its dominance over production relations through linear time,over exchange relations and social relations through cyclical time,and over the evolution of world history through historical time.Marx successfully revealed and criticized the triple internal relationship between capital and time,collectively forming the scientific framework of Marx's critique of capitalist time.Through his analysis of the three interrelated temporal forms of capitalism,namely linear time,cyclical time,and historical time,Marx exposed and criticized capital's domination over human civilization on various levels.Marx,using socialism as a vehicle,sought to transcend the challenges posed by time,aiming for a fundamental change of era and the progress of human civilization through the liberation of life time,free time,and the openness of civilization.

关 键 词：资本 线性时间 循环时间 历史时间 社会主义 

分 类 号：F091.91[经济管理—政治经济学] F014.39