从娱乐到观世——鲁迅《中国小说史略》的一处演进节点及其观念基础  

From Entertainment to Depicting Social Realities:An Evolutionary Node in Lu Xun's A Brief History of Chinese Fiction and Its Conceptual Foundation

作　　者：成玮 Cheng Wei

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学国际汉语文化学院,上海200062

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期32-41,共10页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助一般项目(21FZWB055)。

摘　　要：鲁迅《中国小说史略》包含三大演进节点:唐、宋两处众所周知,明代中期一处,留意者殊少。在他笔下,唐代至明中叶小说以娱乐为主,此后改以摹写世态为主。环顾清季民国各家论述,这点堪称鲁迅最独特的看法。他描绘这一转型,参照了18世纪至19世纪后期西方文学的嬗变轨迹。但从其知识结构看,对西方文学史的理解,本不应如此简化。由是观之,他有其一贯的思考框架,参考西学资源时,不无选择、重塑。在《中国小说史略》中,西学观念与小说史迹的凑泊,情形颇为复杂,非“以西律中”一语所能尽括。Lu Xun's A Brief History of Chinese Fiction encompasses three major evolutionary nodes:the Tang and Song dynasties,both well-known;one in the mid-Ming dynasty,which has received relatively little attention.In his portrayal,fiction from the Tang dynasty to the mid-Ming period primarily served as entertainment and later shifted its focus to depicting social realities.When examining the discussions of various scholars in the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China,this perspective can be considered one of Lu Xun's most unique viewpoints.He described this transformation by drawing parallels with the evolutionary trajectory of Western literature from the 18th to the late 19th century.However,considering his knowledge structure,his understanding of Western literary history should not have been so simplified.Therefore,it can be seen that he had a consistent thinking framework and made selective adaptations when referencing Western scholarly resources.In A Brief History of Chinese Fiction,the amalgamation of Western ideas and the historical development of Chinese fiction is quite complex and cannot be fully encapsulated by the phrase“establishing Chinese norms in accordance with Western norms”.

关 键 词：《中国小说史略》 娱乐 观世 西方文学史 

分 类 号：I210.97[文学—中国文学]