“温比亚”台风低压引起庐山大暴雨特征分析  

Analysis of heavy rain in Lushan caused by the typhoon low pressure of Rumbia

作　　者：杨超 徐洁玲 Yang Chao;Xu Jieling(Jiujiang Meteorological Bureau,Jiujiang 332000)

机构地区：[1]九江市气象局,九江332000

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2023年第3期90-92,109,共4页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：江西省气象局青年人才培养项目“台风影响下九江极端降水成因分析”(2017-046);江西省自然科学基金项目(No.20202BABL203038)资助。

摘　　要：文章利用常规气象观测资料、ERA5 0.25°×0.25°再分析资料、自动气象站加密数据、高精度DEM数据和雷达资料,对2018年台风“温比亚”在庐山地区造成的2次大暴雨过程的成因及特征进行分析。结果表明:1)台风登陆前,受台风外围影响,庐山出现了短时强对流天气,迎风坡的地形抬升并未造成该区域的较强降水,而背风坡由于庐山的摩擦扰流与下山气流的辐合作用,使对流系统加强,形成一个中γ尺度对流系统,系统经过的地方均产生了很强的短时强降水;2)台风登陆后,受台风低压切变影响,在庐山地区地形抬升的作用下,出现了持续的较强降水,降水稳定在迎风坡到山顶一带,庐山地形的降水增幅非常明显;3)在台风影响下,庐山背风坡的逆风区对应的中γ尺度系统是造成庐山背风坡短时强降水的主要原因,在台风降水的短临预报中可作为一项重要指标加以判别。Based on conventional meteorological observation data,ERA5 0.25°×0.25° reanalysis data,encryption data of automatic weather station,high-precision DEM data and radar data,this paper analyzes the causes and characteristics of two heavy rainstorm processes caused by typhoon "Rumbia" in Lushan area in 2018.The results show that:1) before the typhoon landed,the short-term strong convection weather appeared in Lushan due to the influence of the typhoon.The terrain uplift of the windward slope did not cause strong precipitation in this area,while the leeward slope strengthened the convective system due to the cooperation of the friction turbulence of Lushan Mountain and the amplitude of the downhill airflow,forming a medium γ-scale convective system.The strong short-time heavy rainfall occurred in the places where the system passed.2)After the landfall,under the influence of typhoon low-pressure shear,continuous and strong precipitation appeared under the action of topographic uplift in Lushan Mountain.The precipitation was stable from the windward slope to the top of the mountain,and the increase of precipitation in Lushan Mountain terrain was very obvious.Under the influence of typhoon,the meso-γ scale system corresponding to the upwind area of Lushan leeward slope is the main cause of short-term heavy precipitation in Lushan leeward slope,which can be used as an important index in the short-term and imminent forecast of typhoon precipitation.

关 键 词：庐山 台风 大暴雨 地形 

分 类 号：P458.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]