纳滤膜类型对碳酸盐型苦咸水脱盐效能的影响  

Effect of Nanofiltration Membrane Type on Desalination Efficiency of Carbonate-Type Brackish Water

作　　者：田家宇 于然 赵兴蕊 韩正双[2] 闫慧敏[2] 张瑞君 TIAN Jiayu;YU Ran;ZHAO Xingrui;HAN Zhengshuang;YAN Huimin;ZHANG Ruijun(School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,300401;Tianjin Public Utility Design&Research Institute,300100:Tianjin,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学土木与交通学院,天津300401 [2]天津市公用事业设计研究所,天津300100

出　　处：《水处理技术》2023年第9期34-38,52,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(E2020202141);天津水务集团有限公司科技项目(2021KY-06);国家自然科学基金项目(51908180)。

摘　　要：采用纳滤技术对苦咸水进行脱盐是拓展淡水资源供给的重要途径之一,而膜材料的合理选用与否则会对其脱盐效能产生显著的影响。本研究采用两类商品纳滤膜(NF90和NF270)对典型碳酸盐型苦咸水进行脱盐及污染对比,研究了两类纳滤膜在不同操作压力、原水温度、系统回收率条件及在三类有机物(牛血清白蛋白、腐殖酸和海藻酸钠)污染下的通量变化规律,并通过总溶解固体(TDS)去除率、阳离子截留率和扫描电镜-能谱等分析手段综合探讨了两类纳滤膜的脱盐效能与污染特征差异。结果表明,NF90和NF270在不同操作压力、温度和系统回收率下的出水TDS均能满足《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2022)的限制规定(TDS<1 000 mg/L),而NF270则由于其较为疏松的分离层结构而具有更高的产水通量,且其较低的污染物浓缩效应和亲水光滑的膜面物化特征赋予其更强的抗污染能力,综合而言更为适用于典型碳酸盐型苦咸水的脱盐处理。The desalination of brackish water with nanofiltration technology is one of the important ways to expand the supply of fresh water,while the rational selection of membrane type would bring a significant impact on its desalination efficiency.In this study,two types of commercial nanofiltration membranes(NF90 and NF270)were selected to treat the carbonate-type brackish water,and the desalination performance and membrane fouling were compared.The flux changes of the two nanofiltration membranes under different operating pressures,feed water temperatures and system recovery as well as the fouling induced by three organic matters(bovine serum albumin,humic acid and sodium alginate)were studied.The differences in desalination efficiency and membrane fouling characteristics of the two nanofiltration membranes were comprehensively explored by analyzing the TDS removal rate,cation retention rate and scanning electron microscopy-energy spectroscopy.The results showed that both NF90 and NF270 can meet the restrictions(TDS<1000 mg/L)of the Chinese Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2022)under different operating pressures,feed water temperatures and system recoveries.However,NF270 presented higher water flux due to the loose structure of its separating layer.Moreover,the stronger antifouling ability was given to NF270 by its lower foulant concentrating effect as well as hydrophilic and smooth membrane surface physicochemical properties.In general,NF270 is more suitable for the desalination of typical carbonate-type brackish water.

关 键 词：苦咸水 膜污染 纳滤膜 脱盐效能 结垢 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]