高强钢表面海洋生物膜层纳秒脉冲激光清洗质量与脱附行为分析  

Cleaning Quality and Desorption Behavior of Marine Biofilm Layer on High Strength Steel Surface Using Nanosecond Pulsed Laser

作　　者：毕思源 雷正龙 秦立东 Bi Siyuan;Lei Zhenglong;Qin Lidong(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China;Capital Aerospace Machinery Corporation,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]首都航天机械有限公司,北京100076

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第16期111-121,共11页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52175391)。

摘　　要：金属材料在海洋环境下服役时表面会产生海洋生物污损,严重影响材料的服役寿命,必须对其进行定期清理。以30Cr3高强钢表面海洋生物膜层为清洗对象,采用纳秒脉冲激光清洗海洋生物膜层,对比分析海洋生物膜层激光清洗前后的宏观形貌、微观形貌、元素组成与表面粗糙度,通过高速摄像设备观察清洗过程中的脱附行为,探究不同激光能量密度对海洋生物膜层激光清洗质量与脱附行为的影响。结果表明:黄海海域中浸泡的高强钢表面海洋生物膜层包含主要由有机成分构成的胞外聚合物(EPS)层和主要由石灰质构成的表面硬质附着物两种组分,在不损伤基材的前提下,纳秒脉冲激光清洗高强钢表面海洋生物膜层的效果随激光能量密度的增大而增强,采用9.95 J/cm^(2)的激光能量密度清洗效果最佳,清洗后表面无海洋生物膜层成分残留,表面粗糙度Sa=17.31μm,较清洗前下降约47.8%,其中,EPS层主要通过烧蚀分解去除,而表面硬质附着物主要通过热弹性振动从表面剥落去除。Objective All types of marine organisms attach and grow on the surface of marine facilities and equipment during the course of their service in the marine environment.This results in fouling by marine organisms,accelerated corrosion of metal materials,failure of key parts of the marine equipment,and other problems that affect the normal operation of marine equipment.Therefore,the effective removal of marine biofilms from the surface of marine service materials has become a key breakthrough in the exploitation of marine resources.At present,effective cleaning methods for marine biofilms mainly include chemical removal with fungicides,mechanical removal with artificial eradication,cavitation water jet flushing,ionizing radiation,and ultrasonic adhesion prevention.However,to a certain extent,all these methods have drawbacks,such as a low cleaning efficiency,poor cleaning quality,environmental pollution,and uncontrollable damage to the substrate.Therefore,it is necessary to develop a green,efficient,and high-quality cleaning method to prevent biological fouling of the surfaces of marine service materials.As a green cleaning technology with significant potential for development in the 21st century,laser cleaning technology has the advantages of a high cleaning efficiency,high precision,high quality,and minimal damage.Owing to the uneven thickness,physical properties,and chemical composition of marine biofilm layers,as well as the special interface bonding properties between the organic membrane layer and the inorganic metal matrix,there are many new challenges in the laser cleaning of marine biofilm layers on metal surfaces in marine service environments.The mapping relationship among the laser-cleaning characteristics,laser-energy parameters,and cleaning quality requires further study.Methods In this study,a nanosecond pulsed laser was used to conduct laser-cleaning experiments on marine biofilm layers formed on the surface of 30Cr3 high-strength steel,which is commonly used in ocean engineering,after soaking in the

关 键 词：激光技术 激光清洗 海洋生物膜层 高强钢 清洗质量 脱附行为 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]