基于电脉冲的铁基非晶薄带增材制造试验研究  

Experimental Study on 3D Printing of Fe-based Amorphous Ribbon Based on Electric Pulse

作　　者：李波波 刘靖驰 李晓强 邱成鸿 卢秉恒[1,2] LI Bobo;LIU Jingchi;LI Xiaoqiang;QIU Chenghong;LU Bingheng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049;National Innovation Institute of Additive Manufacturing,Xi’an 710075;School of Computer Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049 [2]国家增材制造创新中心,西安710075 [3]西安理工大学计算机科学与工程学院,西安710048

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第15期247-254,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金资助项目(2019B1515130005)。

摘　　要：为了解决铁基非晶材料成形过程中狭窄的工艺窗口难题,提出了一种采用非晶薄带作为原材料,施加快速电脉冲同时辅以微压力的增材制造新方法,并成功实现了小功率非晶材料异形构件的增材制造,并通过动态电阻分析,进行工艺优化调控。采用脉冲电源精准调控热输入的方式实现非晶材料热塑性成形原理,即在临界温度略高于玻璃化转变温度(TG),但远低于熔化温度(TL),可采用快速加热材料到TG使其软化,并辅以小压力成形,同时提供足够高的冷却速率,晶相的成核可以被完全抑制。进一步,对该方法成形样件采用X射线衍射、差示扫描量热仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜进行物相及显微组织分析。测试结果表明,打印结合部位仍保持原有的非晶结构,并具有较高的拉伸强度。由于其成形功率低,工艺过程无需复杂的真空或惰性气体条件,该方法可以成为非晶材料增材制造及金属太空制造有吸引力的解决方案,尤其适用于电磁屏蔽等非晶异形构件的3D打印。In order to solve the problem of narrow process window in the forming process of amorphous materials,a new additive manufacturing method using metallic glass ribbon as raw material,applying fast electric pulse and micro pressure is proposed.The manufacturing of amorphous material special-shaped components with small power is successfully realized and the process is optimized and regulated through dynamic resistance analysis.The principle of thermoplastic forming of amorphous materials is realized by accurately regulating the heat input by pulse power supply,that is,when the critical temperature is slightly higher than the glass transition temperature(TG),but far lower than the melting temperature(TL),the material can be softened by rapid heating to TG,supplemented by low pressure forming,while providing a sufficiently high cooling rate,and the nucleation of crystalline phase can be completely inhibited.Further,the samples formed by this method were analyzed by X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry,scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope.The test results show that the printing bonding part still maintains the original amorphous structure and has high tensile strength.Because its forming power is low and without needing crucial atmospheric conditions,such as vacuum or inert gas,this method can become an attractive solution for additive manufacturing of amorphous materials and space manufacturing of metal materials,and also it can be applied to 3D printing of special-shaped amorphous components,e.g.,those used in electromagnetic shielding devices.

关 键 词：增材制造 3D打印 非晶材料 非晶薄带 电脉冲 

分 类 号：TG444[金属学及工艺—焊接]