乌克兰战时心理急救三级结构模式及其对我军心理急救的启示  

3-level Psychological First Aid Model of Ukraine in Wartime and Its Enlightenment to Our Army

作　　者：王昭英 邸倩 付天宇 李俊丽 WANG Zhaoying;DI Qian;FU Tianyu;LI Junli(Department of Tactical Medical Service-Teaching and Research Sectionof Field First Aid and Ervacuation,Army Modical University,Shijiachuang Hebei 050081,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学士官学校战救后送教研室,河北石家庄050081 [2]陆军军医大学士官学校军事心理教研室

出　　处：《联勤军事医学》2023年第7期607-609,617,共4页Military Medicine of Joint Logistics

基　　金：陆军军医大学强敌研究项目(22DXQD21);陆军军医大学校级课题面上项目(2022MS-04)。

摘　　要：目的探讨乌克兰战时军队人员心理急救(psychological first aid,PFA)模式和流程,为我军PFA的开展及培训提供借鉴。方法重点介绍乌克兰战时PFA三级结构模式,梳理其具体任务、实施者、PFA的不同时间、地点以及内容。结果乌克兰军队PFA模式和流程已经过顿巴斯战争(2016~2019年)和当前俄乌冲突的实践检验,对我军未来战场PFA工作具有启示作用。结论通过研究乌克兰战时PFA模式,本文从培养一线救援力量、确立基本原则和策略、构建阶梯后送体系三个方面提出了对我军PFA的启示;并指出培养一线救援力量是提高战场心理急救时效的前提,确立基本原则和策略是开展战场心理急救工作的关键,构建阶梯后送体系是实施战场心理急救任务的保证。Objective To discuss the psychological first aid(PFA)model and process designed for Ukrainian military personnel during wartime and to provide reference to our army for PFA and training.Methods The 3-level PFA model in Ukraine was mainly introduced,and the specific task,the implementers,the different time,place and the content of PFA were sorted out.Results The PFA model and process for the Ukrainian military personnel was tested in practice of the Donbas War(2016-2019)and the current Russia-Ukraine conflicts,therefore,it could provide enlightment in PFA for our army in the future combat.Conclusion Through the study of Ukraine's wartime PFA model,this paper puts forward the enlightenment to our army's psychological first aid from three aspects:training the first-line rescue force,establishing the basic principles and strategies and building the ladder evacuation system.It also points out that training first-line rescue force is the premise of improving the effectiveness of battlefield PFA,establishing basic principles and strategies is the key to carry out battlefield PFA work,and building a ladder evacuation system is the guarantee of implementing battlefield PFA tasks.

关 键 词：战斗应激 心理急救 三级结构模式 心理损伤 战斗减员 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]