高斯链网络模型与橡胶交联网络的差异  

Differences Between Networks of Gaussian Chains and Rubber Vulcanizates

作　　者：宋义虎[1] SONG Yi-hu(MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization,Shanri-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering,Department of Pol ymer Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou310027,China)

机构地区：[1]高分子合成与功能构造教育部重点实验室、山西浙大新材料与化工研究院、浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系,杭州310027

出　　处：《高分子通报》2023年第10期1366-1380,共15页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51790503,U1908221,51873190)资助项目。

摘　　要：“橡胶弹性”是《高分子物理》中联系长链分子构象统计和高分子材料力学性能的重要章节之一。现行《高分子物理》教科书中有关内容多以Rehner-Flory“四链模型”为基础,从Gaussian单链熵、单链熵加和恒体积仿射形变角度推导Gaussian链网络构象熵和收缩力,而很少提及Gaussian链网络模型化过程所涉及的诸多近似,更不提及有关学术争议。基于现行《高分子物理》教程,不少学生认为硫化胶具有类似Gaussian链网络的交联结构,不少技术人员基于所谓理想网络结构来设计所谓大应变可逆变形柔性电子等前瞻性器件,在理论和实践上走了不少弯路,得出不少误导性结论。本文回顾Gaussian链网络模型化所涉及的基本理论、近似和争议,以便让读者认识到Gaussian链网络模型仅是具有一系列约束条件的“模型”,而与橡胶交联结构相差甚远。In the textbook of Polymer Physics,"rubber elasticity"is an important chapter linking the statistics of conformation of long-chain macromolecules and mechanical behaviors of polymer materials.In the current textbooks,rubber elasticity is introduced following the Rehner-Flory"four chains"model to present conformational entropy and contraction force of network of Gaussian chains by formulating entropy of single Gaussian chain in the first step and summing entropies of all Gaussian chains under assumption of affine deformation under constant volume in the second step.In general,the approximations and academic disputes involving the modellization are not referred to.Under the prevailing teaching practice,some students may believe that vulcanizates behave like network of Gaussian chains and some technicians may try to develop the so-called reversibly deformable flexible electronics by designing the so-called ideal network structure.Here reviewed are the modellization of network of Gaussian chains and the involved theories,approximations and disputes,aiming to point out that the network of Gaussian chains is only a model concepted under many assumptions and that the model cannot be used to describe the structure of vulcanizates.

关 键 词：橡胶弹性 Gaussian链网络 链节 位移长度 构象熵 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]