我国认知障碍家庭照护的新面向——基于过程与需求视角  

The New Dimensions of Family Care for Individuals with Cognitive Disorder in China:from the Perspective of Proo and Needs

作　　者：顾东辉[1] 刘海桃 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院

出　　处：《社会福利》2023年第2期3-12,共10页Social Welfare

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国特色社会工作制度体系研究”(项目负责人:顾东辉,项目编号:19ZDA144);国家社会科学基金一般项目“轻度认知障碍的社会工作整合干预循证研究”(项目负责人:陈虹霖,项目编号:21BSH130)。

摘　　要：文章通过对29名认知障碍家庭照护者的半结构式深度访谈数据,基于互动与角色理论、福利制度理论,从过程与需求视角探析认知障碍家庭照护的新面向。家庭照护过程通过角色赋权,呈现角色失衡、角色寻找与角色认同三个阶段,照护者逐渐确定照护角色、明确互动机制。照护过程中也凸现了家庭照护者的需求与问题,专业照护人员需求高但服务匹配低、日间照料中心需求高但服务少、长期照护服务需求增加但评估制度有待完善等。因此,认知障碍家庭照护需更好的照护安排,照护过程中科学规划非正式与正式照护服务,基于需求提供多元照护力量与福利服务。转变家庭照护理念、融入新的照护力量,促进正式与非正式照护资源的高效循环使用,有利于提高照护质量,提升认知障碍者与照护者的社会福利。The article explores new dimensions of the family caregiving for individuals with cognitive disorder,based on the viewpoints of process and needs,by analyzing semi-structured in-depth interview data of 29 family caregivers.Drawing upon interaction and role theory,as well as welfare system theory,this article examines the complexities of caregiving in the context of cognitive disorder.Through role empowerment,the process of family caregiving undergoes three stages:role imbalance,role seeking and role identification.During these stages,caregivers gradually establish their caregiving roles and establish clear interaction mechanism.The caregiving process also highlights the needs and issues of family caregivers,such as a high demand for professional caregivers but low service matching,high demand for day care centers but limited services,increasing demand for long-term care services but an inadequate assessment system in place.Therefore,better care arrangements are needed for families with cognitive disorder.In the caregiving process,both informal and formal care services should be scientifically planned,and diverse care forces and welfare services should be provided based on needs.Transforming the caregiving concept within families and incorporating new care forces can promote the effcient circulation of formal and informal caregiving resources,which is beneficial for improving the quality of care and enhancing the social welfare of individuals with cognitive disorder and caregivers.

关 键 词：认知障碍者 家庭照护者 正式照护 照护过程 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]