基于芳香环磺酸盐的制绒添加剂设计及其单晶硅表面织构化  

Design of Chemical Additives with Polyphenyl Sulfonate Derivatives for Surface Texturing on Monocrystalline Silicon

作　　者：田海莹 蔡媛 贾蕊琪 王婕 冯萍萍 张鹏伟 樊国栋[1] 殷政 TIAN Haiying;CAI Yuan;JIA Ruiqi;WANG Jie;FENG Pingping;ZHANG Pengwei;FAN Guodong;YIN Zheng(Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry&Technology for Chemical Industry(Ministry of Education),Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710021,China;Xi'an Lanqiao New Energy Technology Company Limited,Xi'an 710020,China)

机构地区：[1]教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,陕西省轻化工助剂化学与技术协同创新中心,陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,西安710021 [2]西安蓝桥新能源科技有限公司,西安712000

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2023年第7期1827-1834,共8页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：西安市科技局高校院所服务企业项目(No.22GXFW0005);轻化工助剂化学与技术教育部重点实验室开放课题(No.KFKT2023-07)。

摘　　要：高效、绿色、稳定、经济的新类别制绒分子及相应助剂配方是获得超低反射率陷光结构,提升单晶硅太阳能电池光电转换效率的关键内容之一。本工作提出多苯环骨架强化单晶硅表界面结合,磺酸基、羟基、烷氧基等官能团调控出绒点形成的思路,合理筛选并对比研究了2,6-萘二磺酸钠、2-羟基-7-萘磺酸钠,十二烷基二苯醚磺酸钠以及木质素磺酸钠的绒面催化效应,发现大分子尺寸、更为分散的苯环骨架排布、柔性分子结构、丰富的羟基、烷氧基等结构特征有利于芳香环磺酸盐在单晶硅表面形成连续、均匀、密集金字塔结构。基于制绒剂结构、浓度、时间、温度等反应参数的系统对比实验,筛选出木质素磺酸钠作为优良出绒试剂,可在0.0006%~0.06%的低浓度条件下,获得15.84~26.94%的平均反射率。引入表面活性剂和绒面调节剂,通过系统正交实验,获得了“0.015%木质素磺酸钠+1.1%十二烷基苯磺酸钠+2.0%的2-羟基-β-环糊精”新型绿色、低浓度、高稳定制绒助剂配方,在NaOH浓度0.65%、反应温度75~85℃、制绒时间420 s的类产线条件下,获得基底尺寸1.7~1.9μm、均匀、规则、密集的金字塔结构以及低至9.89%的绒面平均反射率。本项研究为基于芳香环磺酸盐开发绿色高效新型实用化单晶硅表面织构化添加剂提供了良好例证。High-efficiency,green,stable and economical texturing molecules and the relative additive composition are considered as one of the key tasks to obtain a light trapping structure with an ultra-low reflectivity and to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cell.In this work,polyphenyl skeleton was used to strength the interfacial interaction between silicon crystalline face and texturing molecules,while sulfonic,hydroxy and alkoxy groups regulate the texturing sites.Sodium 6-naphthalene disulfonate,sodium 2-hydroxy-7-naphthalene sulfonate,sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether sulfonate and sodium lignosulfonate were selected to investigate their texturing effects.The results show that larger molecular size,dispersed polyphenyl skeleton,flexible molecular structure,abundant hydroxyl and alkoxy groups for polyphenyl sulfonate derivatives facilitate the generation of a continuous,uniform and dense pyramid structure on monocrystalline silicon surface.Based on the comparative experimental results at different reaction parameters(i.e.,texturing molecule structure,concentration,reaction time and temperature),sodium lignosulfonate was selected as an effective texturing reagent.In a low mass fraction range of 0.0006%-0.06%,the single use of sodium lignosulfonate can lead to a low reflectivity of 15.84%-26.94%.A low-concentration and high-stability additive composition with 0.015%(in mass fraction,the same below)sodium lignosulfonate,1.1%sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and 2.0%2-hydroxy-β-cyclodextrin can be obtained via systematic orthogonal experiments in the presence of a surfactant and an antifoaming agent.A desired texturing surface featured with a uniform,dense pyramid structure sized at 1.7-1.9μm and an average reflectivity of 9.89%occurs at 75-85℃for 200-400 s when adding this additive into 0.65%NaOH aqueous solution as a corrosive agent.This work can provide a reference for the development of green,efficient and practical additives for texturing on monocrystalline silicon based

关 键 词：单晶硅 太阳能电池 制绒 反射率 

分 类 号：TM914[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]