基于通用地球系统模式的不同类型气溶胶直接辐射效应的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Different Types of Aerosols Direct Radiation Effect based on Community Earth System Model

作　　者：刘甲 王壬 李龙辉 LIU Jia;WANG Ren;LI Longhui(Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment,Ministry of Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,江苏南京210023 [2]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [3]南京师范大学地理科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2023年第4期880-891,共12页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“全球变化及应对”专项项目(2017YFA0603603)。

摘　　要：气溶胶可以通过直接效应来影响地气系统的辐射平衡,然而目前气溶胶直接辐射效应的研究主要集中于总气溶胶,缺乏不同类型气溶胶直接辐射效应研究。利用通用地球系统模式(Community Earth System Model,CESM)模拟研究了晴空和有云条件下总气溶胶、硫酸盐气溶胶和含碳气溶胶在大气层顶和地表的直接辐射强迫,并利用多源数据对模拟结果进行验证。结果表明,CESM模拟总气溶胶光学厚度与气溶胶自动观测网(Aerosol Robotic Network,AERONET)有较好的相关性(R^(2)=0.44),但模拟数值整体偏小;与MERRA-2(Modern-EraRetrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2)对比发现,高估了含碳气溶胶光学厚度,低估了硫酸盐气溶胶光学厚度;CESM模拟的辐射通量与基线地表辐射观测网(Baseline Surface Radiation Network,BSRN)的模拟效果良好(R^(2)=0.93)。在晴空条件下,CESM模拟的总气溶胶以及硫酸盐气溶胶、含碳气溶胶在大气层顶的直接辐射强迫分别为-1.37、-0.46、-0.45 W/m^(2);有云条件下分别为-0.30、-0.25、+0.04 W/m^(2),云削弱了气溶胶在大气层顶负的辐射效应,但加强了含碳气溶胶的吸热作用从而呈现出正效应;晴空条件下地表的直接辐射强迫分别为-5.60、-0.53、-2.21 W/m^(2),有云条件下分别为-4.38、-0.32、-1.64 W/m^(2),气溶胶的直接辐射效应在地表均为负效应,云对沙尘气溶胶的辐射效应影响不大,但却能削弱硫酸盐气溶胶和含碳气溶胶的直接辐射效应强度。研究结果有利于进一步理解不同类型气溶胶的直接辐射效应,并为未来改进CESM提供依据。Aerosols can affect the radiation balance of the earth atmosphere system through direct effects.How⁃ever the research on aerosol direct radiation effect mainly focuses on total aerosol,and there is a lack of research on different types of aerosol direct radiation effect.In this study,the Community Earth System Model(CESM)is used to simulate the direct radiative forcing of total aerosols,sulfate aerosols and carbonaceous aerosols on the top of the atmosphere and the surface,and the simulation results are verified by multi-source data.The re⁃sults show that there is a good correlation between the total Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD)simulated by CESM and the AERONET(R^(2)=0.44),but the simulation value is relatively small.Compared with MERRA-2,it is found that the optical depth of carbonaceous aerosol is overestimated and the optical depth of sulfate aerosol is underestimated;The radiation flux simulated by CESM and the simulation effect of BSRN are good(R^(2)=0.93).The simulation results show that the direct radiative forcing of total aerosol,sulfate aerosol and carbon aerosol at the top of the atmosphere under clear sky conditions are-1.37、-0.46 and-0.45 W/m^(2),and-0.30、-0.25 and+0.04 W/m^(2)under cloudy conditions,respectively.Therefore,the existence of clouds weakens the negative radiation effect of aerosols at the top of the atmosphere and strengthens the endothermic effect of carbo⁃naceous aerosols,showing a positive effect;Under clear sky conditions,the direct radiation forcing on the sur⁃face is-5.60、-0.53、-2.21 W/m^(2),and it is-4.38、-0.32、-1.64 W/m^(2)under cloudy conditions,respectively.Thus,the direct radiation effect of aerosols presents a negative effect on the surface,and the presence of clouds has little effect on the radiation effect of dust aerosols,but it can weaken the direct radiation effect intensity of sulfate aerosol and carbon aerosol.The results of this study are helpful to further understand the direct radiation effects of different types of aerosols and provide a basis fo

关 键 词：气溶胶 CESM 模式评估 直接辐射强迫 

分 类 号：P407[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]