散斑及压缩计算成像研究进展  

Advances in Speckle and Compressive Computational Imaging

作　　者：王霞 马旭 柯钧 贺思 郝晓文 雷景文 马凯 Wang Xia;Ma Xu;Ke Jun;He Si;Hao Xiaowen;Lei Jingwen;Ma Kai(Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Imaging Technology and Systems,Ministry of Education,School of Optics and Photonics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学光电学院光电成像技术与系统教育部重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第15期179-195,共17页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62031018,U2241275,61675023)。

摘　　要：计算成像是集光学、计算科学、信息科学于一体的新兴交叉领域技术。该技术基于多维光场调控与解调的信息传输原理,利用前端光电成像系统与后端数据处理的“一体化设计”,解决光场信息维度与探测维度不匹配的问题,从而有效提升感知能力和探测性能,目前已成为光电成像领域的前沿方向。其中,散斑成像能够通过调控散斑场来实现强散射光成像,打破了光散射妨碍成像的传统观点;空域和时域压缩计算成像通过对光场信号的编码,能够突破半导体工艺、大量数据传递与处理对高分辨率、高速探测器的限制;压缩计算光谱成像结合光学调制、复用探测与计算重构,解决了传统光谱成像中系统复杂、数据采集效率低和分辨率受限的问题。详细介绍这3类计算成像模式的原理方法和最新研究进展,分析当前尚存的问题,并对这类技术的未来发展方向进行了展望。Significance This study reports several typical advances in three categories of computational imaging techniques based on multidimensional optical field manipulation:speckle imaging,spatial and temporal compressive imaging,and compressive computational spectral imaging.Additionally,existing problems and future research prospects are analyzed and discussed herein.High-quality imaging through scattering media has crucial applications in biomedicine,astronomy,remote sensing,traffic safety,etc.Object photons traveling through a scattering medium can be classified as ballistic,snake,or diffusive photons based on the degree of deviation from their initial propagation directions.Ballistic photons can maintain their initial directions and retain undistorted object information.Using gated ballistic photons,optical coherence tomography,multiphoton microscopy,and confocal microscopy have been employed to successfully image objects hidden behind scattering media.However,in the presence of a strong scattering medium,all incident photons become diffusive after multiple scatterings and form a speckle pattern.Hence,the abovementioned techniques based on gated ballistic photons fail to image hidden objects.Therefore,the speckle imaging technology was developed to overcome this limitation.This technology involves three main steps:first,establishing a physical model of speckle formation;second,measuring and statistically analyzing the speckle light field;and finally,computationally reconstructing the hidden objects.An imaging system with high spatial and temporal resolution can obtain rich spatial and motion details of high-speed moving scenes.Improvement in spatial and temporal resolutions depends on hardware-performance improvement,including attaining high resolution and low noise in a detector array and satisfactory optical design.However,owing to the limitations in the development of semiconductors and manufacturing technologies,manufacturing a high-performance detector is difficult and costly.Additionally,the huge volume of da

关 键 词：计算成像 散斑成像 压缩成像 压缩光谱成像 多维光场调控 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]