基于植硅体的五千年以来集安地区古植被定量重建  

Quantitative Reconstruction of Paleovegetation based on Phytoliths in Ji'an Area since 5 Thousand Years

作　　者：刘琳琳 介冬梅[1,2,3] 高桂在 刘颖[1,2,3] 王江永 牛洪昊 蒙萌[1,2,3] 宋丽娜 LIU Linlin;JIE Dongmei;GAO Guizai;LIU Ying;WANG Jiangyong;NIU Honghao;MENG Meng;SONG Lina(School of Geographical Sciences,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,Jilin,P.R.China;National Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration for Environmental Protection,Changchun 130024,Jilin,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology,Ministry of Education,Changchun 130024,Jilin,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学地理科学学院,吉林长春130024 [2]国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,吉林长春130024 [3]植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《湿地科学》2023年第4期582-592,共11页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971100和41771214)资助。

摘　　要：古植被定量重建是全球变化研究的热点。在吉林省集安市附近的鸭绿江谷地的泥炭剖面中,获取了厚度为2.5 m的泥炭样品,采用植硅体分析和测年方法,定量重建了该地5000 a以来的植被变化历史。研究结果表明,5000 a以来,鸭绿江谷地的泥炭地的植被变化可以分为4个时期,第一时期,4960~4060 cal.a BP,草本植物由禾本科(Poaceae)的画眉草亚科(Eragrostoideae)、虎尾草亚科(Chloridoideae)、早熟禾亚科(Pooideae)、黍亚科(Panicoideae)和莎草科(Cyperaceae)物种组成,草本植物数量较少,有木本植物和蕨类植物出现,植硅体-林草指数值逐渐增大,植物盖度较小,植物群落多样性水平较高;第二时期,4060~3470 cal.a BP,草本植物主要为早熟禾亚科和虎尾草亚科植物盖度,草本植物数量少于上一时期,有木本植物出现,蕨类植物有所增加,植硅体-林草指数值较大,植物盖度集中变化在70%~80%之间,植物群落多样性水平低于上一时期;第三时期,3470~2700 cal.a BP,草本植物主要为黍亚科和虎尾草亚科物种,草本植物数量增加,达到泥炭剖面的最大值,木本植物有所增加,依旧有蕨类植物出现,植硅体-林草指数值减小,植物盖度增大,植物群落多样性水平与上一时期相近;第四阶段,2700~590 cal.a BP,草本植物主要由早熟禾亚科、画眉草亚科和虎尾草亚科物种组成,草本植物数量比上一时期少,木本植物有所增加,蕨类植物减少,植硅体-林草指数值较为稳定,植物盖度较大且趋势稳定,植物群落多样性水平较高;4个时期古植被的组成无显著差异,植硅体-林草指数值波动变化,最后趋于稳定,植物盖度逐渐增大并趋于稳定,植物群落多样性水平波动提高。5000 a以来,集安鸭绿江谷地泥炭地的植被变化趋势与东亚季风指数的变化趋势较为一致,东亚夏季风环流是控制集安地区植被变化的主要驱动力,同时,植被变化也受到了冰筏碎屑(ice-rafted Quantitative reconstruction of palaeo-vegetation is a hotspot in global change research.Peat samples were obtained from a thickness of 2.5 m peat profile in the Yalu River Valley near Ji'an city,Jilin province,and the history of vegetation change in the area since 5 thousand years was quantitatively reconstructed by using phytolith analysis and dating methods.The results showed that the vegetation changes in the peatland of the Yalu River valley since 5 thousand years could be divided into 4 periods.In the first period,4960-4060 cal.year BP,The herbaceous plant was consisted of species of the subfamily Poaceae,Eragrostoideae,Chloridoideae,Pooideae,Panicoideae and Cyperaceae,the number of herbaceous plants was relatively small,woody plants and ferns appeared,the proportion of the number of forests and grasses gradually increaseed,the vegetation coverage was small,and the diversity of the plant community was high;in the second period,4060-3470 cal.year BP,the herbaceous plants were mainly Pooideae and Chloridoideae,the number of herbaceous plants was less than that of the previous period,woody plants appeared,ferns increased,the proportion of forest and grass was larger,the vegetation coverage fluctuated between 70%to 80%,and the diversity of plant communities was lower than that of the previous period;in the third period,3470-2700 cal.year BP,herbaceous plants were mainly Panicoideae and Chloridoideae,and the number of herbaceous plants increased,reaching the highest value of the peat profile,the number of woody plants increased,ferns still appeared,the ratio of the number of forests to the number of grasses decreased,the vegetation coverage increased,and the diversity level of the plant community was similar to that of the previous period;in the fourth period,2700-590 cal.year BP,the herbaceous plants were mainly composed of Pooideae,Eragrostidoideae and Chloridoideae,the number of herbaceous plants decreased compared with the previous period,woody plants increased,ferns decreased,the ratio of the number of fores

关 键 词：植硅体 古植被 泥炭地 集安 中晚全新世 

分 类 号：Q914.5[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]