达里诺尔湿地及其毗邻水系的鱼类多样性  

Fish Diversity of DalinorWetlands and Its AdjacentWater Systems

作　　者：杨富亿[1] 文波龙[1] 李晓宇[1] 杨艳丽 万斯昂 陈凤臻[3] 欧阳玲[3] 宋述芹[3] 赵胜男 YANG Fuyi;WEN Bolong;LI Xiaoyu;YANG Yanli;WAN Siang;CHEN Fengzhen;OUYANG Ling;SONG Shuqin;ZHAO Shengnan(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China;College of Geography and Enveronmental Science,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571199,Hainan,P.R.China;Chifeng University,Chifeng 024000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]海南师范大学地理与环境科学学院,海南海口571199 [3]赤峰学院,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《湿地科学》2023年第4期603-613,共11页Wetland Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区赤峰学院院士专家工作站项目(cfxyys 201701);吉林省委组织部人才团队项目(2016)资助。

摘　　要：达里诺尔湿地的毗邻水系包括查干淖尔水系、乌拉盖盆地水系和西辽河-西拉木伦河水系。根据2019年以来的野外调查资料和数据,研究了达里诺尔湿地及其毗邻水系的鱼类多样性现状,探讨了达里诺尔湿地及其毗邻水系鱼类多样性的形成、分布格局和近现代以来的变化特征;采用关联性分析方法,分析了达里诺尔湿地与其毗邻水系鱼类群落之间的关联性;提出了鱼类多样性可持续发展的途径。研究结果表明,达里诺尔湿地的鱼类群落由3目5科20属24种、6个区系生态类群的鱼类构成,查干淖尔水系的鱼类群落由2目3科14属15种、5个区系生态类群的鱼类构成,乌拉盖盆地水系的鱼类群落由2目3科12属13种、4个区系生态类群的鱼类构成,西辽河-西拉木伦河水系的鱼类群落由6目12科40属46种、6个区系生态类群的鱼类构成。总体上,达里诺尔湿地的毗邻水系鱼类群落由6目12科40属48种、6个区系生态类群的鱼类构成;近现代以来的渔业活动提高了达里诺尔湿地及其毗邻水系的鱼类多样性和鱼类群落之间的关联性;达里诺尔湿地与其毗邻水系的鱼类区系生态类群构成相同,但是其鱼类群落之间并无密切关系;在合理利用渔业资源的同时,应该结合区域湿地生态建设,保护达里诺尔湿地及其毗邻水系的鱼类,以实现其鱼类多样性和渔业持续健康发展。The adjacent water systems of the Dalinor Wetlands include the Chagannor water system,the Wulagai Basin water system and the Xiliao River-Xilamulun River system.Based on the data of field surveys since 2019,the status of fish diversity in the Dalinor Wetlands and its adjacent water systems was studied,and the formation,distribution pattern and changes of fish diversity have been discussed.We also analyzed the fish diversity relationship between the Dalinor wetlands and the fish diversity of its adjacent water systems,and propose ways for sustainability and development of fish diversity.The results showed that the fish assemblage of the Dalinor wetlands consisted of 3 orders,5 families,20 genera,24 species,belonging to 6 ecological groups.The fish assemblage of the Chagannuor water system consisted of 2 orders,3 families,14 genera,15 species,belonging to 5 ecological groups.The fish assemblage of the Wulagai Basin was composed of 2 orders,3 families,12 genera and 13 species,belonging to 4 ecological groups.The fish assemblage of the Xiliao River-Xilamulun River system was composed of 6 orders,12 families,40 genera,46 species,belonging to 6 ecological groups.In total,the fish assemblage of the Dalinor Wetlands and its adjacent water systems was composed of 6 orders,12 families,40 genera,48 species,belonging to 6 ecological groups.Fisheries activities have increased the fish diversity and the fish community correlations between the Dalinor Wetlands and its adjacent water system and they shared the same ecological groups of fish,but there was no close relationship between them.The rational use of fishery resources should be combined with the ecological construction of the wetland to protect the fish diversity of the Dalinor wetlands and its adjacent water systems,to realize the sustainable development of fish diversity and fishery at the same time.

关 键 词：鱼类多样性 达里诺尔湿地 查干淖尔水系 乌拉盖盆地水系 西辽河-西拉木伦河水系 

分 类 号：S931.2[农业科学—渔业资源]