英语比较关联句的结构关系研究  

The structural relation in English comparative correlatives

作　　者：韩流[1] HAN Liu(School of English Education,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学,广东省广州市510420

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2023年第5期690-701,799,共13页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：广东外语外贸大学双语认知与发展实验室招标课题“象似性与英汉语的语序研究”(BCD202204)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文探讨英语比较关联句组成分句之间的句法结构关系。该类句子被普遍视为一种句法上的从属结构,其中第一个分句从属于第二个分句。然而,这种把比较关联句作为句法从属结构的分析在理论或经验上都较难成立。语言证据表明,虽然第一分句在语义解读上具有明显的从属性质,但在句法上并不是一个从属分句。因此,本文提出两个组成分句之间的唯一句法连接必然是并列,其特点是并列分句在句法结构上平行,但在语义上不对称。两个分句固定的线性语序反映其所描述事件的先后顺序。这种排序可运用象似性原则加以解释,具有象似语序的语言结构更易于处理。这类句子的句法性质和表现可以在最简句法理论框架之下获得合理解释。This study investigates the syntactic structural relation between the component clauses of English comparative correlative(CC)sentences.It is a widely accepted assumption that a CC sentence is a syntactically subordinate structure in which the first clause is subordinate to the second.However,the analysis of CC sentence as a type of syntactic subordination is highly problematic on both theoretical and empirical grounds.There is empirical evidence that the first clause is not a subordinate one in syntax although it has a subordinate semantic interpretation.It is thus argued in this paper that only the syntactic connection between the two component clauses must be coordinated and that the conjunct clauses in such structures have the properties of being parallel in syntax but asymmetric in semantics.The fixed linear ordering of the two component clauses mirrors the sequential ordering of the events they describe.This type of clause ordering can be explained by the iconicity principle because linguistic structures in iconic orders are easy to process.A fairly principled account of the syntactic properties and behaviors of these sentences within a minimalist syntactic framework is also possible.

关 键 词：英语比较关联句 结构关系 从属 并列 非对称 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语]