砗磲的价值及其相关制品的初筛鉴定  

Benefits of Tridacna and Preliminary Screening and Identification of Its Related Products

作　　者：陆冠亚 郝雨 谭笑 周萍 张利峰 许萍萍 姜焱 赵晓燕 LU Guan-Ya;HAO Yu;TAN Xiao;ZHOU Ping;ZHANG Li-Feng;XU Ping-Ping;JIANG Yan;ZHAO Xiao-Yan(Animal,Plant and Food Inspection Center of Nanjing Customs District,Nanjing 210019;Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs,Beijing 100026)

机构地区：[1]南京海关动植物与食品检测中心,南京210019 [2]中国海关科学技术研究中心,北京100026

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2023年第7期79-84,共6页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2022HK141)。

摘　　要：本文一方面对砗磲的价值进行概述,意在提升全社会保护濒危水生物种及生态环境的意识;另一方面,紧扣海关实验室砗磲鉴定实操,采用观察外形与纹理、稀盐酸试验、丙酮擦拭等无损鉴定手段进行初筛鉴定。对相关鉴定要素进行分析与归纳,砗磲具备以下独有的、区别于仿品的鉴定特征:砗磲棋子具双面、清晰、均匀顺纹及高透光性;血砗磲白色玉化部分带有蜘蛛网型的冰裂纹和天然虫孔;金丝砗磲具有典型的金色丝线样或斑块样纹理。该套鉴定流程及技巧简明而实用,有助于鉴定人员迅速上手、精准初筛、提升成效,可为打击非法濒危水生动物贸易提供有力技术支撑。This paper outlines the beneffts of Tridacna on one hand,aiming to enhance the public awareness of protecting endangered aquatic species and the ecological environment.On the other hand,closely related to the actual operation of Tridacna identiffcation in Customs laboratories,non-destructive identiffcation methods such as observing shape and texture,dilute hydrochloric acid test,and acetone wiping are used for preliminary screening and identiffcation.The analysis and summarization of the related identiffcation elements indicates that Tridacna gigas has the following unique identiffcation features that distinguish it from imitations:Tridacna chess pieces have double-sided,clear,uniform straight grains and high transparency;the white jade part of the blood Tridacna has a spider-web type ice crack pattern and natural wormholes;and the gold wire Tridacna has a typical golden thread-like or plaque-like texture.This set of identiffcation process and skills are concise and practical,which can help the identiffcation personnel quickly get started,accurately screen,improve the effectiveness and provide strong technical support for combating illegal trade in endangered aquatic animals.

关 键 词：砗磲 价值 初筛鉴定 仿品 濒危物种 生态环境 

分 类 号：S937.3[农业科学—渔业资源] TS933.2[农业科学—水产科学]