不同微生物菌剂对烟株生长及“两黑一青”防治效果探究  

Effects of Different Microbial Agents on Tobacco Growth and Control of"Two Black and One Green"

作　　者：黄晓杰 付丽美 李思颖 朱永立 李财 赵学通 张泽林 孔广超 李兴红 陈厚任 刀金华 张志红 HUANG Xiaojie;FU Limei;LI Siying;ZHU Yongli;LI Cai;ZHAO Xuetong;ZHANG Zelin;KONG Guangchao;LI Xinghong;CHEN Houren;DAO Jinhua;ZHANG Zhihong(Lincang Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province,Lincang,Yunnan 677000;Yunnan Microbial Fermentation Engineering Research Center Co.,LTD.,Kunming 650217)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司临沧市公司,云南临沧677000 [2]云南省微生物发酵工程研究中心有限公司,昆明650217

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第27期133-139,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目“北回归线生态烟区农药化肥减施增效技术研究与应用”(2021530000242024)。

摘　　要：结合双江绿色烟叶生产现状,为临沧双江烤烟绿色生产提供技术服务支撑,以期筛选出对双江烟草“两黑一青”(烟草黑胫病、根黑腐病和青枯病)具有良好防治效果的生防功能微生物菌剂。通过小区试验的方式,共设置5个处理:1个对照(CK)处理和4个试验处理,探究不同微生物菌剂对烟株生长及烟草黑胫病、根黑腐病和青枯病的防治效果的影响。结果表明:施用不同功能微生物菌剂能够促进烟株的生长、提高烟株抗病性、改善烤烟经济性状以及提高烟叶品质;在促进烟株生长方面,以T_(2)处理的施用效果最好,其次是T_(3);在提高烟株抗病性方面,以T_(2)处理对病害的防控效果最佳,T_(1)次之;在改善烤烟经济性状方面,以T_(2)处理的改善效果最好,T_(1)、T_(3)处理次之,T_(4)处理稍差,对照(CK)最差;在提高烟叶品质方面,外观质量上,T_(1)、T_(4)得分最高,外观质量最好,T_(2)较差;化学成分分析上,T_(2)烟叶化学成分协调性最好,T_(3)次之;烟叶感官评吸状况上以T_(2)和T_(4)最佳。整体而言,T_(2)处理施用的根据地1号综合优势更突出,更有利于烟草“两黑一青”的防控以及烟叶品质的提高,推荐作为双江地区的生防功能微生物菌剂。To screen out the biocontrol functional microbial agent with good control effect on"Two Black and One Green"(tobacco black shank,root black rot and bacterial wilt)of Shuangjiang tobacco and to provide technical support for the green production of Shuangjiang flue-cured tobacco in Lincang with consideration of the production status,a plot experiment was conducted.The effects of different microbial agents on the growth of tobacco plants and the control effects of tobacco black shank,root black rot and bacterial wilt were investigated.A total of 5 treatments were set up:a control(CK)treatment and 4 experimental treatments.The results showed that the application of different functional microbial agents could promote the growth of tobacco plants,improve the disease resistance of tobacco plants,the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco and the quality of tobacco leaves.The application effect of T_(2)treatment was the best in promoting the growth of tobacco plants,followed by T_(3);T_(2)treatment had the best effect on disease prevention and control,followed by T_(1);for improving the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco,the improvement effect of T_(2)treatment was the best,followed by T_(1)and T_(3)treatments,T_(4)treatment was slightly worse,and the control(CK)was the worst;in terms of appearance quality,T_(1)and T_(4)were the best,and T_(2)was poor;T_(2)had the best coordination of chemical composition,followed by T_(3);T_(2)and T_(4)were the best in sensory evaluation of tobacco leaves.The comprehensive advantages of‘Genjudi No.1’applied in T_(2)treatment were more prominent,which was more conducive to the prevention and control of tobacco"Two Black and One Green"and the improvement of tobacco leaf quality.It was recommended as the biocontrol functional microbial agent in Shuangjiang.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 烟草 烟叶品质 病虫害防控 效果探究 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]