气候变化对黑龙江紫丁香物候期的影响  

Effects of Climate Change on Phenology of Lilac in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：韩俊杰[1,2] 王萍 孙淑荣[3] 吕佳佳 李秀芬 姜丽霞[1,2] HAN Junjie;WANG Ping;SUN Shurong;LV Jiajia;LI Xiufen;JIANG Lixia(Heilongjiang Province Institute of Meteorological Science,Harbin 150030;Innovation and Opening Laboratory of Eco-Meteorology in Northeast China,China Meteorological Administration,Harbin 150030;Fuyu Meteorological Bureau,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161210)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气象科学研究所,哈尔滨150030 [2]中国气象局东北地区生态气象创新开放实验室,哈尔滨150030 [3]富裕县气象局,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161210

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第26期130-136,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国气象局东北地区生态气象创新开放实验室项目“气候变化对黑龙江省木本植物物候的影响”(stqx201901);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“黑龙江省典型温室大棚气候生产潜力估算及分析”(LH2019D015);黑龙江省气象局科技创新发展项目“基于复杂地形的精细化农业气候资源评估技术研究”(HQGG2022004);黑龙江省科技创新发展项目“寒地水稻开花期多雨寡照复合发生产量损失评估指标研究”(HQSD2022009)。

摘　　要：利用黑龙江省气象观测网10个站点紫丁香的物候观测数据和气象观测数据,通过统计物候期的平均分布,分析了过去近30 a的各物候期的变化趋势及气象因子对物候期的影响,为科学评估气候变化对生态系统的影响和生态旅游规划等科学问题提供理论依据。研究得出:春季紫丁香物候期年际间变化较大,芽膨大期、芽开放期、展叶期和花序出现日期最早和最晚相差18~25 d不等,2010年以后有逐年提前趋势;开花期持续时间平均14 d,最短9 d,最长18 d;秋季物候期落叶始期、末期最早、最晚分别相差15、12 d,有的年份波动较大;落叶期长度平均16 d;春季的物候期主要与前一年10、12月和当年的2—4月的气候因子有关,其中与3—4月的气温呈显著负相关,此时段的气温变化决定着物候期的提前与推后,而各时段降水和日照的影响相对较小;落叶期与气温和降水以正相关为主,与日照则相反。研究结果为研究区域气候变化的生态影响提供依据。Based on the phenological and meteorological observation data of lilac from 10 stations of Heilongjiang meteorological observation network and the average distribution of phenological period,the variation trend of each phenological period and the influence of meteorological factors on phenological period in the past 30 years were analyzed to provide theoretical basis for scientific assessment of the impact of climate change on ecosystem and eco-tourism planning.The results showed that there were significant interannual changes in the phenological stage of lilacs in spring,the earliest and the latest dates of inflorescence in bud expanding stage,bud opening stage and leaf spreading stage differed by 18-25 days,and the trend of year after 2010 was advanced year by year.The duration of flowering was 14 days on average,the shortest was 9 days,and the longest was 18 days.In the phenological period of autumn,the difference between the beginning and the end of deciduous leaves was 15 and 12 days,and some years fluctuated greatly.The length of deciduous period averaged 16 days.The phenological period of spring was mainly related to the climatic factors in October and December of the previous year and the February-April of the current year,and the temperature in March and April was significantly negatively related.The temperature changes in this period determined the advance or delay of the phenological period,while the influence of precipitation and sunshine was relatively small in each period.The defoliation period was positively correlated with temperature and precipitation,but negatively correlated with sunshine.The results provide a basis for studying the ecological impact of regional climate change.

关 键 词：紫丁香 物候 气候变化 黑龙江 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]