低肥力土壤不同施氮量及配施有机肥对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Rates and Organic Fertilizers on Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Low Fertility Soil

作　　者：赵芳[1] 查宏波 陈华[1] 杨军章[1] 高顺波 桂龙凤 肖家繁 赵声春 夏蕾 徐斌 李文陆[1] 胡光俊[1] ZHAO Fang;ZHA Hongbo;CHEN Hua;YANG Junzhang;GAO Shunbo;GUI Longfeng;XIAO Jiafan;ZHAO Shengchun;XIA Lei;XU Bin;LI Wenlu;HU Guangjun(Zhaotong Company of Yunnan Tobacco Corporation,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司昭通市公司,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第25期11-15,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目“基于烟区循环农业模式的构建与应用”(2022530000241031)。

摘　　要：以‘云烟87’为供试品种,采用大田试验方法研究低肥力土壤不同施氮量及配施有机肥对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响。结果表明,在一定范围内施氮量的增加促进了烟株的生长发育,有利于烤烟产量和质量的形成,但是纯氮量增加到126 kg/hm^(2)时病害加重,烤烟质量有降低趋势,增施腐熟农家肥处理农艺性状、经济性状优于增施商品有机肥处理。从田间表现、农艺性状、抗逆性及经济指标综合分析T4处理(处理1的施肥量+腐熟农家肥16500 kg/hm^(2))表现最好,其次是T5处理(处理1的施肥量+商品有机肥1500 kg/hm^(2)),T2处理(按当地常规肥量增加10%施用烟草专用复合肥,施氮量115.5 kg/hm^(2))次之,T3处理(按当地常规肥量增加20%施用烟草专用复合肥,施氮量126 kg/hm^(2))和T1处理(常规对照,施氮量105 kg/hm^(2))表现较差,T6处理(无肥对照)表现最差。To study the effects of different nitrogen rates and organic fertilizers on the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in low-fertility soil,the field experiment was conducted with‘Yunyan 87’.The results showed that the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco plants were promoted with the increase of nitrogen application rate in a certain range,and the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were formed.However,the disease was aggravated and the quality of flue-cured tobacco tended to decrease when the amount of pure nitrogen increased to 126 kg/hm^(2).The agronomic and economic characters of the treatment of adding decomposed farm manure were better than that of adding commercial organic fertilizer.In summary,according to the comprehensive analysis of field performance,agronomic traits,stress resistance and economic indicators,T4(treatment 1 fertilization+decomposed farm manure 16500 kg/hm^(2))treatment was the best,followed by T5(treatment 1 fertilization+commercial organic fertilizer 1500 kg/hm^(2))treatment,and T2(increasing 10%of local conventional fertilizer,applying 115.5 kg/hm^(2)of nitrogen)treatment,T3(increasing 20%of local conventional fertilizer,applying 126 kg/hm^(2)of nitrogen)and T1(conventional control,applying 105 kg/hm^(2)of nitrogen)treatments were worse,and T6(no fertilizer control)treatment was the worst.

关 键 词：低肥力土壤 施氮量 有机肥 烤烟 生产发育 产质量 

分 类 号：S146.1[农业科学—肥料学]