云南莴笋高产养分临界值施肥模型研究  

Study on Fertilization System of Nutrient Critical Value for High Yield of Asparagus Lettuce in Yunnan

作　　者：陈检锋[1] 尹梅[1] 陈华[1] 王志远[1] 王伟 王应学[1] 杨艳鲜[1] 付利波[1] CHEN Jianfeng;YIN Mei;CHEN Hua;WANG Zhiyuan;WANG Wei;WANG Yingxue;YANG Yanxian;FU Libo(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第25期89-93,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划“农产品绿色生产及质量安全控制关键技术研究与示范应用”(202002AE320005)。

摘　　要：为明确云南莴笋科学施肥量,在嵩明、祥云、通海布置田间试验,研究耕层土壤养分、当季施肥量与莴笋产量、净产值的关系。结果表明,各试验点N2P2K2处理产量、净产值最高;各试验点缺氮、缺磷、缺钾处理莴笋产量与土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量之间呈正相关关系,产量与速效养分间的Pearson系数分别为0.91、0.98、0.99。土壤校正系数在一定程度上能反映土壤的供肥能力,本研究中莴笋土壤养分校正系数与土壤速效养分含量间的回归方程为yN=0.123-0.0144lnxN,yP=0.2446-0.0474lnxP,yK=0.806-0.118lnxK。根据推荐施肥量和土壤中养分供给量,确定莴笋高产养分临界值,云南莴笋高产养分临界值范围N(286.8±45.6)kg/hm^(2)、P2O5(135.7±4.9)kg/hm^(2)、K2O(346.3±126.1)kg/hm^(2)。在莴笋种植前通过测定土壤养分含量估算土壤供肥能力,用高产养分临界值减去土壤供应量计算莴笋当季施肥量。To explicit the precision fertilization amount of asparagus lettuce in Yunnan,field experiments of asparagus lettuce were arranged to investigate the relationships between the nutrients data of plough layer,fertilization of current season,and the lettuce yield and net output.It was found that the highest yield of lettuce was obtained by treatment with N2P2K2 in different experiment sites.In different sites,soil nutrients(alkaline hydrolyze nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium)and lettuce yield had positive relationships.The Pearson coefficients between lettuce yield of treatment with N,P,K lacking and soil alkali-hydrolyze nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content were 0.91,0.98 and 0.99,respectively.Soil correction coefficient could reflect the soil fertility potential to some extent.The nutrient critical value for high yield of lettuce in Yunnan was calculated according to optimum fertilizer application rate and the levels of available nutrients in the soil.The regression equations between soil nutrient correlation coefficient and soil nutrient contents could be expressed as follows:yN=0.123-0.0144lnxN,yP=0.2446-0.0474lnxP,yK=0.806-0.118lnxK.The nutrient critical values for high yield of asparagus lettuce could be calculated as follows:N was(286.8±45.6)kg/hm^(2),P2O5 was(135.7±4.9)kg/hm^(2),K2O was(346.3±126.1)kg/hm^(2).The soil nutrient supply capacity was estimated by measuring soil nutrient content before lettuce planting,and the fertilization amount of lettuce in the current season was calculated by subtracting the soil supply from the nutrient critical value for high yield.

关 键 词：莴笋 产量 氮磷钾 土壤养分校正系数 高产养分临界值 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]