核环境中的传感器节点及其无线链路特性的路由选择  

Routing Based on Characteristics for Sensor Nodes and Their Wireless Links in WSN

作　　者：李辉[1] 范兴娟[1] 黄永平[2] LI Hui;FAN Xing-juan;HUANG Yong-ping(Department of Intelligent Engineering,Shijiazhuang Post and Telecommunication Technical College,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;School of Electronic Information Engineering,Hebei University,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄邮电职业技术学院智能工程系,石家庄050021 [2]河北大学电子信息工程学院,石家庄050021

出　　处：《核电子学与探测技术》2023年第2期213-220,共8页Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology

基　　金：河北省教育厅项目(ZC2021253);河北省教育厅项目(Z2020217);河北省发展和改革委员会项目(Z20210039);石家庄市社会科学界联合会项目(Z20210063)。

摘　　要：针对核环境中资源受限的WSN中的路由选择,提出了一种基于传感器节点及其无线链路特性的路由选择方案。它引入了一个集成缓冲区占用和跳数的潜在字段,根据到接收器的最短路由的较少跳数来维护路由表中的路由记录,从而发现一条不太拥挤和能耗更低的路由。具体来说,通过监测或检查缓冲区占用和连续数据包之间的间隔来检测节点级拥塞,通过采用特定传感器节点进入带碰撞避免的载波感知多址退避阶段的次数来检测链路级拥塞;在拥塞检测的基础上,采用基于纹波的搜索方法来缓解网络的拥塞,将数据包转发到新维护的不拥挤的路由,从而使网络恢复正常运行。仿真实验结果表明,与常见的拥塞避免和无拥塞控制的路由方案相比,提出的方案在网络吞吐量、ETE延迟和每数据包的能耗性能方面都更优,有利于核环境中的无线数据的采集。Aiming at routing selection in resource-constrained WSN in nuclear environments,a routing selection scheme based on characteristics for sensor nodes and their wireless links is proposed.It introduces a potential field that integrates the buffer occupancy and the hop count to maintain the routing entries in the routing table according to the less hop count of the shortest route to the sink,thus finding a route that is less crowded and less power-consumed;Specifically,node-level congestion is detected by monitoring or checking the buffer occupancy and the interval between successive packets,and link-level congestion is detected by using the number of times a specific sensor node enters into the back off stage of carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance.Based on the congestion detection,a procedure named as the ripple-based search is carried out to alleviate congestion from the network so that the network re-operates in its normal state.The simulation results show that,compared with the routing schemes with common congestion avoidance and with no congestion control,the proposed scheme is better in terms of network throughput,ETE delay and energy consumption per packet,and is beneficial to wireless data acquisition in nuclear environments.

关 键 词：核环境 无线传感器网络 路由选择 拥塞控制 数据流 路由度量 吞吐量 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]