5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率全球分布及关联因素分析  

Global distribution and associated factors analysis of growth retardation rate in children under 5 years old

作　　者：张民 晏文娟 ZHANG Min;YAN Wen-juan(Datuan Town Community Health Service Center of Pudong New Area,Shanghai 201311,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区大团社区卫生服务中心,上海201311 [2]上海市浦东新区光明中医医院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第18期3337-3340,3346,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生健康委员会卫生科技项目(PW2021A-76)。

摘　　要：目的了解5岁以下儿童生长迟缓的全球流行分布情况并分析其关联因素.方法数据来源于国家卫健委《2022中国卫生健康统计年鉴》的世界各国卫生状况,国家边界使用国家基础地理信息中心shp格式的地图数据.采用SaTScan 10.1的Poisson模型进行空间聚集性扫描,利用ArcGIS 10.8对聚集性扫描结果进行可视化;采用Amos 22.0进行关联因素的多元线性回归分析.结果世界5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率中位数为14.40%,我国为4.70%居第10到20百分位.非洲大陆(直径=4510.93 km,RR=2.44,LLR=1474.33,P<0.001)和印度周边(直径=1747.70 km,RR=1.73,LLR=197.71,P<0.001)是5岁以下儿童生长迟缓发生的两个主要聚集区域.多元线性回归结果显示,城镇人口比例每增加1%儿童生长迟缓率可降低0.11%(t=-3.164,P=0.002),期望寿命每增加1岁儿童生长迟缓率可降低0.60%(t=-5.298,P<0.001),总和生育率每增加1%儿童生长迟缓率升高1.09%(t=2.210,P=0.027),结核发病率每增加1/10万儿童生长迟缓率升高0.02%(t=3.288,P=0.001).结论5岁以下儿童生长迟缓主要发生在欠发达地区,各种健康指标是生长迟缓的关联因素.Objective To understand the global epidemic distribution of growth retardation in children under 5 years old and analyze its associated factors.Methods The data was sourced from the "2022 China Health Statistical Yearbook"by the National Health Commission,which shows the health status of various countries around the world.The national boundaries were mapped using the SHP format of the National Basic Geographic Information Center.Spatial clustering was scanned using the Poisson model of SaTScan 10.1 and the results were visualized using ArcGIS 10.8;Multiple linear regression analysis of correlation factors were done using Amos 22.0.Results The median growth retardation rate of children under the age of 5 in the world was 14.40%,while in China,it was 4.70%,ranking in the 10th to 20th percentile.The African continent(diameter=4510.93 km,RR=2.44,LLR=1474.33,P<0.001)and the surrounding area of India(diameter=1747.70 km,RR=1.73,LLR=197.71,P<0.001)were the two main areas where growth retardation occured in children under 5 years old.The results of multiple linear regression showed that the growth retardation rate of children decreased by 0.11%(t=-3.164,P=0.002)for every 1%increase in the proportion of the urban population,0.60%(t=-5.298,P<0.001)for every 1%increase in life expectancy,1.09%(t=2.210,P=0.027)for every 1%increase in total fertility rate,and 0.02%(t=3.288,P=0.001)for every 1/100000 increase in the incidence rate of tuberculosis.Conclusion Growth retardation of children under 5 years old mainly occurs in underdeveloped areas,and various health indicators are associated factors of growth retardation.

关 键 词：儿童 生长迟缓 分布 关联因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]