基于多元素配方施肥的杉木3代种子园叶片营养诊断研究  

Leaf nutritional diagnosis of Cunninghamia lanceolata seed orchards based on multi-element formula fertilization

作　　者：陈元镇[1] 俞元春 李宝福[3] 陈慧婷 CHEN Yuan-zhen;YU Yuan-chun;LI Bao-fu;CHEN Hui-ting(Fujian Forestry Vocational Technical College,Nanping Fujian 353000;College of Biology and Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037;Fujian Academy of Forestry Sciences,Fuzhou Fujian 350012)

机构地区：[1]福建林业职业技术学院,福建南平353000 [2]南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京210037 [3]福建省林业科学研究院,福建福州350012

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第7期167-173,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600304);院士专家工作站科研项目(闽林院教[2019]15号,2019YSZ002)。

摘　　要：通过对3代杉木种子园开展“3414”配方施肥试验,探讨杉木3代种子园母树种子产量与对应针叶养分含量的数量关系,研究各养分间的作用规律,确定种子高产时对应的叶片最适养分含量,即营养诊断标准,为种子园的科学合理施肥、缺素矫正提供理论依据及实践指导。结果表明:P、Mo及N-Mo、P-K、K-Mg、Mg-Mo的交互作用是影响3代种子园母树种子产量的主导因子。其中Mo与种子产量成极显著(P<0.01)负相关,而N-Mo、P-K、K-Mg、Mg-Mo交互效应对种子产量有极显著(P<0.01)促进作用。通过最适浓度法,计算出种子园母树针叶各营养元素的适宜浓度范围,分别为:N(12.33~14.97 g·kg^(-1)),P(3.26~9.04 g·kg^(-1)),K(23.92~31.06 g·kg^(-1)),Ca(9.10~12.34 g·kg^(-1)),Mg(2.09~2.73 g·kg^(-1)),B(28.42~46.50 mg·kg^(-1)),Mo(0.12~0.38 mg·kg^(-1))。根据调查和测定结果,施肥试验中种子园产量高的母树,其针叶中各养分含量均落在适宜浓度范围之内,说明诊断标准具有较高的可靠性,在杉木3代种子园的经营管理中可提供配方施肥、缺素矫正的有效指导。The“3414”formula fertilization experiment was carried out on the third-generation Cunninghamia lanceolate seed orchard to explore the quantitative relationship between the seed yield of mother tree and the nutrient content of the corresponding needle,to study the action law of each nutrient and to determine the optimal nutrient content of the corresponding leaf when the seed yield is high,namely the nutritional diagnostic standard.It provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for scientific and rational fertilization and deficiency correction of seed orchards.The results showed that P,Mo and the interaction of N-Mo,P-K,K-Mg,Mg-Mo were the main factors affecting the seed yield of the third-generation seed orchard.Among them,Mo had a very significant negative correlation with seed yield(P<0.01).The interaction effects of N-Mo,P-K,K-Mg,Mg-Mo had significant promotion effect on seed yield(P<0.01).The optimum concentration range of the nutrient elements in the needles of the mother tree in the seed orchard was calculated by the optimum concentration method.The suitable concentration range of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,B and Mo in needles were 12.33~14.97 g·kg^(-1),3.26~9.04 g·kg^(-1),23.92~31.06 g·kg^(-1),9.10~12.34 g·kg^(-1),2.09~2.73 g·kg^(-1),28.42~46.50 mg·kg^(-1) and 0.12~0.38 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.According to the investigation and measurement results,the nutrient contents of mother tree needles with high yield in the seed orchard fell within the appropriate concentration range,indicating that the diagnostic standard had high reliability,which could provide reference for formula fertilization and deficiency correction in the third generation seed orchard of C.lanceolata.

关 键 词：杉木3代种子园 种子产量 叶片养分含量 营养诊断 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]