基于叶片生物量的南疆盐碱地棉花临界氮稀释曲线构建  

Critical nitrogen dilution curve based on cotton leaf biomass of alkaline land in southern Xinjiang

作　　者：王新[1] 董承光[1] 周小凤[1] 马晓梅[1] 田琴[1] 黄小芳 WANG Xin;DONG Cheng-guang;ZHOU Xiao-feng;MA Xiao-mei;TIAN Qin;HUANG Xiao-fang(Cotton Institute Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences/Northwest Inland Region Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shihezi Xinjiang 832003;Analysis and Test Center Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 832003)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所/农业农村部西北内陆区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆农垦科学院分析测试中心,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第7期191-199,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题“基于临界氮浓度的滴灌棉花氮素营养诊断研究”(CB2018A10);“科创中国”新疆兵团科技服务团(KJFWT 2023-02-30);新疆生产建设兵团农业科技创新专项“早熟抗病棉花种质资源创新与新品种培育创新团队”(NCG202222);新疆生产建设兵团中青年科技创新领军人才计划“滴灌棉花功能标记开发应用及分子育种研究”(2019CB016)。

摘　　要：为验证基于叶片生物量的西北内陆区(新疆南疆中熟棉区)盐碱地滴灌棉花临界氮稀释曲线年际间的稳定性和适应性,明确叶氮营养指数(LNNI)模型、叶片氮浓度(LNC)、氮水平(Nlevel)和籽棉产量(Y)间的关系模型对西北内陆区(新疆南疆中熟棉区)盐碱地滴灌棉花氮状况和适宜施氮量诊断、评价结果的一致性,通过2年定位5个氮水平(0、75、150、300、450 kg/hm^(2))的田间试验,建立了基于叶片生物量(LBM)不同棉花品种的临界氮(LNCc)稀释曲线、LNNI及LNC与Nlevel和Y间的关系模型。结果表明:(1)LNC与LBM符合幂指数关系,模型可分为两部分描述:新陆中55号(当LBM≥1.02 t/hm^(2)时,LNCc=3.41×LBM-0.38;LBM<1.02 t/hm^(2)时,LNCc=2.18%),新陆中78号(当LBM≥1.07 t/hm^(2)时,LNCc=4.08×LBM-0.43;当LBM<1.07 t/hm^(2)时,LNCc=2.61%);(2)新陆中55号和78号LNCc基于1∶1直线的R2、RMSE、ME分别为0.941、0.116 g/100 g、0.944和0.975、0.088 g/100 g、0.975,年际间具有较好的稳定性和适应性;(3)不同年际间,氮水平下新陆中55号和78号LNNI分别在0.76~1.12、0.70~1.09间波动,LNNI模型对新陆中55号和78号适宜氮水平诊断结果均以300 kg/hm^(2)处理最优;(4)LNC与Nlevel和Y关系模型得到新陆中55号和78号结铃期(BS)、吐絮期(OS)的LNC和Y分别为2.32%、1.95%和5850、5860 kg/hm^(2)及2.30%、1.99%和6070、5970 kg/hm^(2),适宜施氮量范围在313.3~380.0、335.0~385.0 kg/hm^(2)之间,这与氮水平和籽棉产量关系模型对新陆中55号和78号的适宜施氮量评价结果基本一致。研究结果可为西北内陆区(新疆南疆中熟棉区)盐碱地滴灌棉花氮状况精确诊断和适宜施氮量评价提供理论依据和方法参考。The interannual stability and adaptability of the critical nitrogen dilution curve(LNCc)of drip-irrigated cotton in alkaline soil in northwest inland region(medium-ripe cotton region in Southern Xinjiang)were verified based on leaf biomass(LBM).The consistency of nitrogen nutrition status and the dosage of nitrogen fertilizer by leaf nitrogen nutrition index(LNNI)model,the relationship model of leaf nitrogen concentration,nitrogen levels(Nlevel)and seed cotton yield(Y)for alkaline soil drip-irrigated cotton in northwest inland region(medium-ripe cotton region in Southern Xinjiang)were clarified.This study was conducted based on two-year field experiment with five nitrogen levels(0,75,150,300,450 kg/hm^(2))and two cotton cultivars(Xinluzhong55,Xinluzhong78).LNCc,LNNI and the relationship model of leaf nitrogen concentration and nitrogen levels were established based on LBM of different cotton varieties.The results showed that:(1)The relationship between LNC and LBM could be described by the power equation,and the model described as two parts(for Xinluzhong55:if LBM≥1.02 t/hm^(2),LNCc=3.41×LBM-0.38,while if LBM<1.02 t/hm^(2),LNCc=2.18%;for Xinluzhong78:if LBM≥1.07 t/hm^(2),LNCc=4.08×LBM-0.43,while if LBM<1.07 t/hm^(2),LNCc=2.61%).(2)Model validation with independent crop growth data showed that the LNCc of alkaline soil drip-irrigated cotton was simulated satisfactorily.Root mean square error(RMSE)and modelling efficiency indexes(ME)of two cotton cultivars(Xinluzhong55,Xinluzhong78)simulated and observed LNCc based on the 1∶1 line were 0.941,0.116 g/100 g,0.944 and 0.975,0.088 g/100 g,0.975,respectively,with fine stability and adaptability among years.(3)The LNNI of Xinluzhong55,Xinluzhong78 ranged from 0.76~1.12,0.70~1.09 with different years and nitrogen levels,respectively,and the LNNI model resulted in the suitable levels of N 300 kg/hm^(2)for both Xinluzhong 55 and 78.(4)Based on the relational model of LNC and Nlevel and Y,the LNC and Y during the boll setting period(BS)and boll opening period(OS)were

关 键 词：叶片生物量 盐碱地 棉花 叶片氮浓度 稀释曲线 叶氮营养指数 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]