荔枝雄性不育株系MS1的发现和鉴定  

Discovery and identification of litchi male sterile line MS1

作　　者：全振炫 董晨[1] 郑雪文 钱义容 徐乙天 王弋[1] 李伟才[1] QUAN Zhenxuan;DONG Chen;ZHENG Xuewen;QIAN Yirong;XU Yitian;WANG Yi;LIWeicai(South Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhanjiang 524091,Guangdong,China;College of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu’er 665099,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所·农业农村部热带果树生物学重点实验室,广东湛江524091 [2]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱665099

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第9期1832-1838,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(323QN294,320QN321);国家现代农业(荔枝龙眼)产业技术体系(CARS-32-17)。

摘　　要：【目的】对新发现的荔枝雄性不育株系MS1进行鉴定,为后续研究利用奠定基础。【方法】以荔枝雄性不育株系MS1为研究材料,以雄性可育株系D13为对照,通过外观比较、扫描电镜观察、研磨花药镜检、花药石蜡切片等方法对MS1株系雄性不育进行鉴定。【结果】荔枝雄性不育株系MS1雄花数量少、个头小、花药瘦小、表面多凹陷、成熟后多不开裂、药室内无花粉粒且自交无坐果。【结论】荔枝雄性不育株系MS1为无花粉型雄性不育。【Objective】Male sterile line plays an important role in cross breeding and heterosis utilization of plants.In recent years,we discovered a new litchi male sterile line and named it MS1.In this study,we identified its sterile characters by various methods,so as to provide the foundation for the following research and use.【Methods】Using the grafted litchi male sterile line MS1 and male fertile line D13 as experimental materials.Using Sonyα77 camera and self-made macro lens to take photos of flower organs,setting the same shooting distance and exposure to ensure the actual size and color were reflected.The different appearances of litchi male sterile line MS1 and the male fertile line D13 were analyzed.Using 1%safranine solution with 75%alcohol for anther staining.After staining,using 10%sucrose solution with distilled water to reduce the surface tension.Then the anthers were ground and observed under a microscope.The paraffin section was carried out for observation of the anther structure.The samples was dehydrated with 70%,80%,95%and 100%alcohol for 15 minutes each,then transparentized with xylene for 15 minutes twice,and an 8μm permanent section was made.The microscope was used to magnify 100-200 times for observation and photography.The silicone dryer was used to dry the anthers for 72 hours,after coating and spraying gold,the samples were observed under the SEM.1%sucrose solution was used to dissolve the prepared anther powder of D13 and MS1,MS1 female spikes were sprayed with the two solutions respectively and bagged up.The number of fruit setting was counted 30 days after the pollination.【Results】(1)In appearance,litchi male sterile line MS1 had a small number of male flowers,anthers,and its anther color was milky white,which could easily fall off without cracking.The number of anthers of MS1 was 4-6,while the number of anthers of D13 was 6-12.Occasionally some spikes of MS1 only come out with female flowers.A few anthers might crack when mature,but no pollen grains could be observed.The litchi

关 键 词：荔枝 雄性不育 花药 花粉 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]