刺葡萄新品种湘刺1号的选育  

A new spine grape cultivar Xiangci No.1(Vitis davidii Foëx.)

作　　者：杨梅 潘永杰 杨国顺[1] 石雪晖[1] 刘昆玉[1] 白描[1] 罗飞雄 YANG Mei;PAN Yongjie;YANG Guoshun;SHI Xuehui;LIU Kunyu;BAI Miao;LUO Feixiong(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University/Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Grapes,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院·湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,长沙410128

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第9期2001-2005,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200200);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2021JJ40241);国家现代农业产业体系项目(CARS-29-zp-9)。

摘　　要：湘刺1号是从怀化市中方县桐木镇选育得到的野生刺葡萄新品种。两性花,果实可用于鲜食及酿酒。果穗呈圆柱形,松紧适中,果粉中等厚,平均穗质量220 g,平均单粒质量4.4 g,成熟时果皮呈蓝黑色,可溶性固形物含量(w)可达17.5%。使用9对简单重复序列标记检测,结果表明该品种具有遗传特异性。该品种抗旱性强,耐高温高湿环境;对黑痘病、白粉病等具有较高的抗性,但不抗霜霉病;抗虫性强,但不抗根瘤蚜。适宜栽培于湖南、贵州、四川等地,春、秋两季可种植。坡地环境会影响湘刺1号的果实品质,建议尽量选择在地势相对平坦的环境种植。A new spine grape cultivar Xiangci No.1 has hermaphrodite flowers,and the first inflorescence appears on the third to fifth node of the current cane.In 2012,a single spine grape line with decent berry quality was chosen for good botanical and agricultural traits.This excellent plant was later widely propagated by grafting and cuttings.The initial trial suggested that this plant not only had high yields,but also showed resistance to abiotic and biotic stress and had high adaptability to hot and humid climate in Hunan province.This new cultivar could be used for table grape and wine making.The growing canes and their leaf petioles from this new spine grape cultivar are covered with spine-shaped trichomes,young leaves are brightly red and brown,the veins on the underside of leaves are covered with low density trichomes and the leaf margin has no lobes or no obvious lobes,and the petiole depression is half open.Berry clusters are cylindrical with moderate tightness,berry surface is covered with medium thick wax,and berry skin is thick.Each fruiting cane carries an average two inflorescences,each one has a average length of 18.8 cm,and average inflorescence weight is 220 g.Berries are round with the fruit shape index of 1.0 and average berry weight is 4.4 g.At veraison stage,berry skin is light purple,and berries turn to blue black at maturity.The total soluble solids content is up to 17.5%when berry matures.The genetic uniqueness of this new cultivar was confirmed by using nine simple sequence repeat markers.The berry yield is about 1750-2000 kg per 666.7 m2.Because the new cultivar tends to have high yield,if berry yield is not properly controlled,vine vigor may decline prematurely.Yield management could be achieved by thinning blossoms and berries.Attention should be paid to soil improvement and root conservation.For fertilizer and water management,reducing chemical fertilizer application and increasing organic manure application can reduce the incidence of berry physiological diseases and improve berry quality.Rea

关 键 词：刺葡萄 新品种 湘刺1号 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]