网球技术的训练与竞赛实践叙事——与中国网球领军人物吴迪训练学对话  

Practical Narrative on Training and Competition of Tennis Techniques-Communication with a Leading Player of Chinese Tennis WU Di on the Theory of Training

作　　者：徐成博[1] 宋怡诺 XU Chengbo;SONG Yinuo(School of Physical Education&Health,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学体育健康学院,上海201620

出　　处：《体育与科学》2023年第5期9-14,21,共7页Sports & Science

摘　　要：网球作为世界主流运动项目之一,虽然在我国起步较晚,但目前从运动发展角度来说是在阶梯式变化的。与中国网球的代表性人物吴迪做口述史访谈,在运动行为切身感的叙事中,呈现了网球技术的真实感。本文的主要学术论点是:(1)网球技术训练及其切身感,具体体现在现代网球的趋势更倾向于技术全面,以及发球与底线技术在顶尖运动员中的重要性。(2)欧美网球技术与中国网球技术的差异化探讨,欧美球员技术凶悍的程度在于底线的前三板和发球接发球的质量,国内的球员更多的都是通过底线的多拍相持来寻找机会建立进攻优势。(3)不同场地的技术打法与心理战术运用的切身感,硬地打法更注重底线相持和高质量的发球。红土打法的特点是底线球速要更加有质量和穿透性,因为红土的特性就是会让球的摩擦力变得很强,而且体能要求更高。草地技战术是以前三拍快速解决战斗为主,完全利用自己的发球优势来建立前两拍进攻的主动性。在心理压力很大的比赛中多增加一些摩擦和旋转来保证这个球的成功率,同时会让球打得更稳定、更加保险。(4)网球运动项目训练与比赛中的体能问题,网球项目对于身体的要求比较综合,既要有力量,也不能缺失灵敏度,并且在灵敏度的基础上还要有耐力,在网球中技术和体能的占比是均衡的。Tennis is one of the mainstream sports in the world,started late in China but is currently undergoing a step change in terms of the development of sports.This oral interview with WU Di,a representative player of Chinese tennis,presents the authen-ticity of tennis skills in the narrative of personal feelings about sports behaviors.The main academic arguments of this paper are lis-ted as follows:(1)Tennis technical training and personal feelings,as reflected in the trend of modern tennis towards technical com-prehensiveness and the importance of serve and baseline skills to top players.(2)An exploration of the differences between Chinese tennis skills and European and American tennis skills.The technical aggressiveness of European and American players lies in the quality of the first three shots and serve-receive on the baseline,while Chinese domestic players are more likely to look for opportuni-ties and build an attacking advantage through multiple rallies from the baseline.(3)The technical and psychological tactics used in different courts.Baseline rallies and quality serves are more emphasized on hard courts and playing on red clay courts is characterized by the higher quality and more penetrating ball speed at the baseline because the nature of red clay makes the ball more frictional,which has a higher physical demand on players.The technique and tactics on grass courts are based on settling battles quickly with the first three shots and building the initiative in the first two attacking shots completely through the advantage of serve.Adding more friction and spin to ensure success on the shot will also make the performance more consistent and stable in a mentally stressful match.(4)Physical fitness in tennis training and competition.The demands on physical fitness in the sport of tennis are comprehensive with strength,agility,and endurance that is based on agility.The proportion of technical and physical skills is balanced in tennis.

关 键 词：网球技术训练 欧美与中国网球技术差异化 不同场地技术打法 网球运动体能 

分 类 号：G846[文化科学—体育训练]