脱贫劳动力的流动地选择及其影响因素——基于东部沿海山区的数据  

Destination Choices and Influence Factors of Relative Poverty Labor:Based on Data from a Mountain County in Eastern China

作　　者：林淑仪 李迎生[2] LIN Shu-yi;LI Ying-sheng

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心 [2]中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心暨社会工作与社会政策系

出　　处：《社会学评论》2023年第5期193-214,共22页Sociological Review of China

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学重大攻关项目“后脱贫攻坚时代中国巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的制度体系与实施模式研究”(20LLSMA003);国家社科基金重点项目“推进以人为核心的新型城镇化的社会政策路径研究”(22AZD046)。

摘　　要：本研究使用2020年凤宁县脱贫劳动力的基本信息与就业数据,从人口流出地视角探讨脱贫劳动力的流动地选择及其影响因素。研究发现:第一,凤宁县近六成脱贫劳动力以务工型流动作为家庭生计策略,流动地选择以省内其他县市为主,县域内及省外就业的比例相当,暂未出现国际流动的现象。第二,家庭结构、家庭负担对脱贫劳动力的流动地选择具有显著影响,中小学阶段子女的抚养压力对其省外流动有一定阻碍效应,而家庭的人力资本与赡养压力则表现为推动效应。第三,相对经济剥夺与其流动地选择之间的关系不显著。本研究发现有助于理解我国相对贫困劳动力的流动地选择及家庭因素的影响机制,对后脱贫时代的促就业社会政策及整合分析取向的人口转移研究有一定启示。Using the 2020 Demographic and Employment data from the Poverty Reduction Bureau of Fengning County,we adopted the perspective of outflow place to analyze the factors at the family level that might influence the destination choices of the relative poverty labor.We founded that:firstly,nearly sixty percent of them regarded migration as a family livelihood strategy.They preferred to work in other counties or cities within the province.Secondly,family structures and care burden were key influence factors of participants'destination choices.Specifically speaking,when their children were in primary and secondary stages,the relative poverty labor force would have to choose to work within the province to accompany studying.On the contrary,with the total number of households'labor force and the care burden for the elder,the relative poverty labor was likely to choose to work outside.Thirdly,the relative deprivation showed little influence on their destination choices.This paper helps to understand destination choices of relative poverty labor,and the influential mechanisms of family factors on their choices.Furthermore,there are certain implications both for improving Employment Social Policy and developing migration research.

关 键 词：脱贫劳动力 流动地选择 家庭结构 家庭负担 相对贫困 

分 类 号：F249.27[经济管理—劳动经济] F323.6[经济管理—国民经济]