诱导多能干细胞体外分化血小板技术的研究进展  

Research progress of methodological techniques of generation of platelets from induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro

作　　者：岳伟 顾海慧 YUE Wei;GU Haihui(Department of Transfusion Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shang-hai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军海军军医大学第一附属医院输血科,上海200433

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2023年第9期851-856,共6页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81970165)。

摘　　要：血小板是体内参与止血的主要组分之一,血小板输注已成为治疗血小板减少和/或功能障碍所致出血的主要手段。由于临床需求不断增大,而献血者的数量有限,且血小板制剂有保质期短、易污染等缺点,血小板的临床应用始终供不应求。目前,诱导多能干细胞被认为是生产血小板的理想来源,它们不仅具有自我更新和多向分化的潜能,而且具有来源广、易操控的优势。随着巨核细胞系、生物反应器、无饲养细胞生产和大规模扩增技术的不断进展,诱导多能干细胞来源的血小板制剂逐渐展现出临床应用的巨大潜力。此外,由于这类血液制剂的同种免疫和肿瘤发生风险最小,有望成为未来输血的标准来源。因此,我们对有关诱导多能干细胞体外分化血小板技术的最新进展进行了综述。Platelets play a role in hemostasis in vivo,and platelet transfusion is the main means to treat bleeding disea⁃ses caused by thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction.However,platelets are in short supply due to the increasing demand for platelet products in clinical,the limited number of blood donors and the disadvantages of platelet products such as short shelf life and bacteria contamination.Currently,induced pluripotent stem cells are considered an ideal source for producing platelets in vitro.They have the potential for self⁃renewal and differentiation into any cell type,and can be obtained and ma⁃nipulated easily.Given the recent advances in megakaryocytic series,bioreactors,feeder⁃free cell production and large⁃scale propagation research,platelet preparations derived from induced pluripotent stem cells have gradually shown great potential for clinical applications.Considering the minimal risk of alloimmunization and tumorigenesis with these blood products,they are promising to become the standard source of future blood transfusions.This paper reviews the research progress of the methodological techniques of in vitro generation of platelets from induced pluripotent stem cells.

关 键 词：血小板生成 体外生成 巨核细胞 诱导多能干细胞 

分 类 号：R331.143[医药卫生—人体生理学] R329.2[医药卫生—基础医学]