我国视力残疾人社会参与状况及其影响因素  

Status and Influencing Factors of Social Participation Among the Visually Impaired in China

作　　者：范韫仪 郑晓瑛[2] FAN Yunyi(Institute of Population Research,Peking University,Beijing,100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人口研究所,北京100871 [2]北京大学亚太经合组织健康科学研究院(HeSAY),北京100871

出　　处：《医学与社会》2023年第10期46-52,共7页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助重大项目,编号为21ZDA107;国家科技重大专项,编号为SQ2022YFC3600291。

摘　　要：目的:探究我国视力残疾人社会参与状况及其影响因素,为促进残疾人平等参与社会生活提供数据支撑。方法:使用第二次全国残疾人抽样调查数据中31866例≥18岁的视力残疾人相关数据,采用卡方检验分析视力残疾人社会参与状况的群体差异,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析视力残疾人社会参与状况的影响因素。结果:在31866例调查对象中,检出社会参与障碍29102人。视力残疾人社会参与障碍率为91.33%。回归结果显示,多重残疾、视力残疾时间增加、所在地区为中部或西部是我国视力残疾人社会参与出现障碍的危险因素;有配偶、少数民族、有职业、居住在城镇、户人均年收入提高、所在地区综合发展指数提高是其社会参与出现障碍的保护因素。结论:我国视力残疾人社会参与状况欠佳,存在不同程度的社会参与障碍。残疾程度、家庭及地区社会支持、职业及民族是其社会参与状况的主要影响因素。应积极构筑多元协同的残疾人社会支持网络,完善残疾人去障碍行动体系,促进残疾人事业区域协同发展。Objective:To explore the status and influencing factors of the social participation among the visually impaired in China,so as to provide data support for promoting the equal social participation of the disabled.Methods:Using the data of 31866 visually impaired persons(18 years and older)from the second national sample survey on disability in China,the differences between groups in social participation were analyzed by chi square test,and the influencing factors of social participation were analyzed by multifactor logistic regression model.Results:Among 31866 subjects,29102 persons were identified as having social participation restriction.The prevalence of social participation restriction of the visually impaired was 91.33%.Having multiple disabilities,the increase of the time of visual disability,and being located in the middle or west of China were the risk factors of the restriction in the social participation of the visually disabled in China.With a spouse,being ethnic minorities,having occupation,living in cities and towns,the increase of the per capita annual income of households and the increase of regional comprehensive development index were the protection factors against the restriction in social participation.Conclusion:The situation of social participation among visually impaired people in China is not good enough with different degrees of social participation restriction.The degree of disability,family and regional social support,occupation and nationality are the main influencing factors of their social participation.We need to actively build a diversified and coordinated social support network for the disabled,improve the action system for them to remove obstacles,and promote coordinated development for the disabled between regions.

关 键 词：残疾人 视力残疾 社会参与 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]