论医疗人工智能诊疗中医师违反注意义务的损害责任  

Liability of Physicians for Breach of Duty of Care in Medical Artificial Intelligence Treatment

作　　者：朱姝尧 刘建利[1] ZHU Shuyao(College of Law,Southeast University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《医学与社会》2023年第10期132-137,共6页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目,编号为21BFX177。

摘　　要：医疗人工智能诊疗对亲自诊疗义务、合理诊疗义务、操作准备义务等医师注意义务造成了冲击,使得注意义务重心由医师审慎注意自身行为转向对医疗人工智能的审查、检验、监督、接管。但是相关医事法律法规、诊疗操作规范尚未及时作出调整更新,导致法律规范与现实操作二者间脱节错位。实践中,患者遭受医疗损害后举证困难,寻求救济的难度加大;而医疗机构对医疗人工智能诊疗所造成的损害承担过重的赔偿责任,由此形成两难局面。为有效缓解医疗人工智能诊疗所造成的医疗损害案件司法实践中的困境,我国在完善相关医师注意义务法律规范的基础上,应建立医疗损害举证责任缓和规则和医疗损害责任限额赔偿规则,以期实现社会整体健康利益最大化。The application of medical artificial intelligence in clinical practice has impacted the duty of care of physicians,including obligations such as personal diagnosis and treatment,reasonable diagnosis and treatment,and operational preparation.This shift in focus has led to the need for scrutiny,examination,supervision,and takeover of medical artificial intelligence systems,diverting attention from the physicians'own actions.However,the existing medical laws,regulations,and operational standards have not been promptly adjusted and updated,resulting in a disconnect between legal requirements and practical implementation.In practice,patients face challenges in providing evidence and seeking remedies for medical malpractice,while medical institutions bear excessive liability for damages caused by medical artificial intelligence treatment,leading to a dilemma.To address the difficulties faced in judicial practices concerning medical malpractice caused by medical artificial intelligence treatment,it is necessary to establish rules for easing the burden of proof and implementing a compensation system with limited liability.These measures aim to maximize the overall societal health interests,while also refining the existing legal norms related to physicians'duty of care.

关 键 词：卫生法 医疗人工智能 注意义务 医疗损害责任 

分 类 号：R19-019[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]