湖州市18岁以下儿童流行性腮腺炎突破病例流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of breakthrough cases of breakthrough mumps cases among children under eighteen years old between 2017 and 2021 in Huzhou city

作　　者：张超 沈建勇[1] 罗小福[1] 韩利萍 ZHANG Chao;SHEN Jianyong;LUO Xiaofu;HAN Liping(Department of Immunization Planning,Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2023年第26期70-73,78,共5页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：湖州市科技计划项目(2020GY37)。

摘　　要：目的分析湖州市2017—2021年18岁以下儿童流行性腮腺炎突破病例的流行特征,为制定流行性腮腺炎免疫防控策略提供依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2017—2021年湖州市18岁以下儿童流行性腮腺炎病例数据及浙江省儿童预防接种管理系统中含流腮成分疫苗接种数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2017—2021年湖州市18岁以下儿童流行性腮腺炎突破病例711例,占同期总病例数72.92%,且该占比呈现逐年增长趋势。其中1剂次突破病例658例,占92.55%。突破病例主要集中在3~9岁,报告609例,占85.65%,突破病例男女比例为1.61:1,夏秋季高发。接种至发病间隔时间最短65天,最长14年,接种1剂次与2剂次接种至发病间隔构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=43.896,P<0.001)。结论随着含腮腺炎成分疫苗免疫剂次的增加,流腮突破病例明显减少,适龄儿童应按免疫程序及时完成2剂次疫苗接种,加强夏秋季儿童特别是3~9岁儿童流腮疫情的预防与控制。Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of breakthrough cases of breakthrough mumps cases among children under eighteen years old between 2017 and 2021 in Huzhou cityso as to provide evidence for the mumps prevention and control immunization strategy.Methods Data of mumps cases of children under eighteen years old between 2017 and 2021 in Huzhou city were collected from China’s disease prevention and control information system.Information about mumps-containing vaccine vaccination was collected from the children’s vaccination management system of Zhejiang province.Descriptive statistics were used for statistical analyses.Results A total of 711 breakthrough mumps cases were reported among childrenunder eighteen years old between 2017 and 2021 in Huzhou city which was about 72.92%of mumps cases.From 2017 to 2021,the proportion of breakthrough mumps cases shows an increasing trend.Most breakthrough mumps cases happened in those who were only vaccinated with one dose mumps-containing vaccine,658 breakthrough mumps cases were reported,the proportion was about 92.55%.The breakthrough mumps cases peaked at 3-9 years old(85.65%),609 breakthrough mumps cases were reported.The sex ratio of male to female was 1.61 to 1.There was a high incidence in summer and autumn.The shortest period between onset and vaccination of breakthrough cases was 65 days,and the longest period was 14 years.There was significant difference in the composition of the interval from one dose to two doses(χ^(2)=43.896,P<0.001).Conclusion Breakthrough mumps cases decreased significantly as the dose of vaccination increases.The school-age children should complete 2 doses of vaccination in time according to the immunization procedure.The prevention and control of mumps outbreaks should be strengthened in summer and autumn,especially in children aged 3 to 9 years old.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 突破病例 含腮腺炎成分疫苗 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.1[医药卫生—流行病学]