分枝杆菌对硝基苯甲酸实验及其鉴别分枝杆菌的分子机制研究进展  

4-nitrobenzoic acid experiment of mycobacteria and research progress on its molecular mechanism of Mycobacterium differentiation

作　　者：李月 夏辉[2] 李马超[1] 王瑞白[1] Li Yue;Xia Hui;Li Machao;Wang Ruibai(Tuberculosis Department,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory,National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所结核病室,北京102206 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心/国家结核病参比实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中国防痨杂志》2023年第10期997-1002,共6页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

摘　　要：分枝杆菌病是全球范围内威胁人类健康的重要传染病。其中,结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,MTB)和非结核分枝杆菌(non-tuberculous mycobacteria,NTM)所导致的疾病在临床症状、病理表现及影像学特征等方面难以区分,但两者的耐药谱天然存在显著差异,致使两种疾病在临床处置方面显著不同,因此需要快速、准确地鉴别这两类分枝杆菌。PNB(4-nitrobenzoic acid)实验是基于分枝杆菌对对硝基苯甲酸不同的敏感性而建立的鉴别方法,由于操作简单、成本低廉、设备依赖性低,在临床上一直被广泛应用于MTB和NTM的鉴别,但其区分两类分枝杆菌的分子机制尚不十分明确。作者从PNB实验方法、已有研究的分枝杆菌PNB代谢酶,以及尚存在的问题等几个方面进行综述,以期为阐明分枝杆菌PNB耐药机制、其区分MTB与NTM的原理,以及PNB的新应用价值提供思路。Mycobacterial disease is an important infectious disease threatening human health worldwide.The diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)and non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)are very similar in clinical symptoms,pathological manifestations and imaging features.However,there are inherent differences in the drug resistance spectrum between these two types of strains,resulting in significant differences in clinical treatment and management,therefore,rapid and accurate differentiation method is needed.PNB(4-nitrobenzoic acid)experiment is a selective culture method based on the different susceptibility of mycobacteria to PNB.It is widely used in clinical practice due to its simplicity,low price,and low technical requirements,but the mechanism involved in this experiment is unclear.This article reviewed the PNB experimental methods,reported researches on the PNB metabolic enzymes of mycobacteria and existing problems to provide ideas for elucidating the mechanism of mycobacteria PNB resistance,the principle of distinguishing MTB from NTM,and the new application value of PNB.

关 键 词：硝基苯甲酸盐 分枝杆菌 结核 非结核分枝杆菌 

分 类 号：R378.91[医药卫生—病原生物学]