六种家用洗涤剂稀释液对安德爱胜蚓和威廉环毛蚓两种蚯蚓行为和存活的影响  

Effects of Six Household Detergent Dilutions on the Behavior and Survival of Eisenia andrei and Pheretima guillelmi Earthworms

作　　者：刘保平 LIU Baoping(Jiangxi Yangtze River Economic Zone Research Institute,Jiujiang University,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332005,China)

机构地区：[1]九江学院江西长江经济带研究院,江西九江332005

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2023年第5期1086-1091,共6页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The Scientific Project of the Department of Jiangxi Education of China(GJJ190916);The Ph D Research Startup Foundation of Chinese Jiujiang University(2019-liubaoping)。

摘　　要：土壤健康在农业可持续发展中扮演重要角色,蚯蚓是土壤生态系统中的常见生物,因而使得它容易被选择成为监测土壤健康的物种。家用洗涤剂广泛用于日常清洁。为了研究家用洗涤剂对安德爱胜蚓和威廉环毛蚓两种蚯蚓的影响,选取香皂、洗衣粉、洗发露、洗洁精、沐浴露和洁厕精,以雨水为对照,用质量浓度为千分之一的六种洗涤剂用来浸泡20条蚯蚓4小时或者更久,直接浸泡或者伴土浸泡,所用伴土来自花生地耕作土。检查存活的蚯蚓数并计算存活率。结果表明:在这六种洗涤剂中浸泡4小时后,安德爱胜蚓100%死亡,威廉环毛蚓100%存活;当浸泡时间延长到24小时后,威廉环毛蚓也100%死亡。然而,同样浓度的洗涤剂伴入花生地黄棕壤再浸泡这两种蚯蚓,蚯蚓钻入土壤,浸泡4小时后,这两种蚯蚓在对照和香皂、洁厕精两种稀释液中100%存活;在洗衣粉、洗发露、洗洁精和沐浴露处理中,安德爱胜蚓存活率分别为:30%、24%、19%和12%,相比之下,威廉环毛蚓在这四种处理中100%死亡。结论:质量浓度为千分之一的这六种洗涤剂稀释液直接浸泡和伴土浸泡都可杀死安德爱胜蚓和威廉环毛蚓。这是首次研究洗涤剂稀释液对蚯蚓的毒杀报告。Soil health plays a vital role in sustainable agronomy development.Earthworms are visible organisms in the soil ecosystem,rendering them convenient to monitor soil health.Household detergents are widely used for daily cleaning purposes.To study their effects on two types of earthworms,Pheretima guillelmi and Eisenia andrei,dilutions of six household detergents(1‰,m/v),such as perfumed soap,washing powder,shampoo,dish washing liquid,bath lotion,and lavatory cleanser,were prepared to immerse 20 earthworms for 4 h or more,either directly or mixed with Yellow-brown soil samples from a peanut cultivation field;rain water without detergent dilutions served as the control.Surviving earthworms were counted,and the survival rate was calculated.The results showed that after 4 h of immersion in the six detergent dilutions,100%of the E.andrei died,whereas 100%of P.guillelmi survived.When the immersion period was extended to 24 h,100%of the P.guillelmi also died.However,after adding the six detergent dilutions to Yellow-brown soil after the earthworms had drilled into it,100%P.guillelmi and E.andrei survived after 4 h in control solutions and two detergents dilutions,namely perfumed soap and lavatory cleanser.However,100%of the P.guillelmi died in the other four detergent dilutions.In contrast,30%,24%,19%,and 12%E.andrei survived in washing powder,shampoo,dish washing liquid,and bath lotion treatments,respectively.It can be concluded that dilutions of the six household detergents(1‰;m/v)can kill P.guillelmi and E.andrei both in soil and on direct exposure.This is the first study to report the mortality of earthworms after exposure to dilutions of household detergents.

关 键 词：家用洗涤剂 蚯蚓 黄棕壤 存活率 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X503.22