基于城郊三维景观格局的风环境研究  

Study on Wind Environment Based on Urban Three-dimensional Landscape Pattern

作　　者：闫菲泽 刘仪 肖硕凌 何瑞珍[1] YAN Feize;LIU Yi;XIAO Shuoling;HE Ruizhen(College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学风景园林与艺术学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《建筑科学》2023年第8期74-84,103,共12页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470029)。

摘　　要：研究城郊三维景观格局与对风环境影响,可为城市可持续发展和提高人体舒适度提供依据。文章采用移动观测法测定了风速和风向,运用三维景观格局空间统计分析法构建了三维景观格局指数,评估了郑州市市中心和郊区的风环境,运用数理统计分析法从定性和定量两个角度分析不同尺度上三维景观格局指数对两者风环境的影响规律。结果表明:市中心和郊区的风速在500 m、1 000 m、1 500 m缓冲区内均与景观容积率(LVD)、景观高度密度(LHD)、景观起伏度(LHR)呈显著负相关,最高建筑指数(HLI)、景观错落度(LO)、植被建筑体积比(VV2BV)呈显著正相关。在夏季和冬季里市中心和郊区与风速的线性回归公式的拟合程度分别是86.8%、90.4%、77.6%、85%。研究证明利用三维景观格局指数来表征三维景观对风环境的影响具有可行性,可以通过在合理范围内降低LVD、LHR、LHR,提高HLI、LO、VV2BV来提高风速热舒适度的比例,但是需要注意三维景观格局指数在不同空间尺度上的适用性。The study on the three-dimensional landscape pattern of the suburb and its impact on the wind environment can provide a basis for the sustainable development of the city and the improvement of human comfort.In this paper,the moving observation method was used to measure the wind speed and wind direction,the three-dimensional landscape pattern index was constructed using the spatial statistical analysis method of three-dimensional landscape pattern to analyze the wind environment in the center and suburb of Zhengzhou City.The mathematical statistical analysis method was used to analyze the impact of the three-dimensional landscape pattern index on the wind environment of Zhengzhou City at different scales from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives.The results show that the wind speed in the urban and suburban areas within the buffer zones of 500m,1 000 m,and 1 500 m is significantly negatively related to the landscape plot ratio(LVD),landscape height density(LHD),and landscape undulation(LHR),while the highest building index(HLI),landscape dislocation,and vegetation to building volume ratio(VV2BV) are significantly positively related.In summer and winter,the fitting degree of the linear regression formula between the city center and suburb and wind speed is 86.8%,90.4%,77.6%,and 85% respectively.The study has proved that it is feasible to use a 3D landscape pattern index to characterize the impact of 3D landscape on the wind environment.The proportion of wind speed thermal comfort can be improved by reducing LVD,LHR,and LHR and increasing HLI,LO,and VV2BV within a reasonable range.However,attention should be paid to the applicability of the 3D landscape pattern index on different spatial scales.

关 键 词：城郊 三维 景观格局 风环境 尺度效应 舒适度 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]