微型居住空间开窗形态的采光性能影响研究  

Study on the Impact of Window Form in Micro-residential Space on Daylighting

作　　者：刘天宇 薛博鑫 舒平[1] LIU Tianyu;XUE Boxin;SHU Ping(School of Architecture and Art Design,Hebei University of Technology,Urban and rural renewal and architectural heritage protection center of Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China;Architectural Design and Research Center of China Architectural Design and Research Group,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学建筑与艺术设计学院城乡更新与建筑遗产保护中心,天津300130 [2]中国建筑设计研究院有限公司建筑四院乡建设计研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《建筑科学》2023年第8期186-198,共13页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“微型居住空间健康适居性研究”(52078178);河北省哲学社科基金项目“健康视角下的极小居住模式研究”(HB19SH019)。

摘　　要：快速城市化引发的城市住房问题已成为人们追求高品质生活的阻碍,小面积高品质的微型居住空间是应对这一问题的新途径。当前城市中的小户型住宅普遍存在着物理性能不佳、缺少精细化设计等问题,难以满足人们对住宅宜居品质日益增长的需求。针对这一现状,从微型居住空间概念出发,聚焦窗户尺度、窗台高度、窗户布局等开窗形态与采光的影响关系,应用Rhino与Grasshopper参数化平台设计开窗形态采光影响模拟实验,并基于实验结果探讨各朝向户型开窗形态优化策略,为提升城市住房的天然采光性能提供理论基础。结果表明:1)窗户尺度与窗台高度对微型居住空间室内天然采光影响显著;2)窗户布局对天然采光影响较小;3)不同朝向微型居住空间采光设计条件存在差异,需进行针对性设计。The urban housing problem caused by rapid urbanization has become a hindrance to people's pursuit of high quality of life,and a high-quality micro-residential space is a new solution.At present,small houses in cities generally suffer from poor physical performance and lack of refined design,which make it difficult to meet people's increasing demand for living quality.To this end,this paper,with the concept of micro-residential space,focused on the relationship between window scale,windowsill height,window layout and daylight,designed experiments on the effect of window form on daylight based on the Rhino and Grasshopper parametric platform.The experimental results were used to explore the optimization strategies of window morphology for each orientation to provide a theoretical basis for improving the daylighting performance of urban housing.The results show that:1) window scale and windowsill height have a significant impact on indoor daylighting in micro-residential spaces;2) window layout has a minor impact on daylighting;3) the design conditions for daylighting in micro-residential spaces differ in orientations and require targeted design.

关 键 词：微型居住空间 居住建筑 天然采光 开窗形态 模拟研究 

分 类 号：TU241[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]