预防性使用地塞米松在降低碘对比剂不良反应中的应用价值  

Application Value of Prophylactic Use of Dexamethasone in Reducing Adverse Reactions of Iodine Contrast Agents

作　　者：周丽红 林碧霞 蓝文珍 林佩清 ZHOU Lihong;LIN Bixia;LAN Wenzhen;LIN Peiqing(Department of Radiology,Zhuhai People's Hospital,Zhuhai Guangdong 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海市人民医院放射科,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2023年第18期131-134,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的预防性使用地塞米松在降低碘对比剂不良反应中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2021年1—12月于珠海市人民医院进行CT增强检查的6770例患者资料,依据是否应用地塞米松分为两组,对照组(n=3103)未预防注射地塞米松,研究组(n=3667)在碘海醇注射前15 min进行地塞米松静脉注射。比较两组的不良反应发生率。结果对照组45例发生不良反应的患者中包含29例过敏性皮肤症状,占比为64.44%;14例轻度全身性反应,占比为31.11%;2例重度全身性不良反应,占比为4.44%。研究组22例发生不良反应的患者中包含6例轻度全身性反应,占比为27.27%;15例过敏性皮肤症状,占比为68.18%;1例重度全身性反应,占比为4.55%;研究组不良反应总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论碘对比剂注射前15 min内进行地塞米松的应用可以降低不良反应的发生率。Objective To investigate the application value of prophylactic use of dexamethasone in reducing adverse reactions of iodine contrast agents.Methods The data of 6770 patients who underwent CT enhanced examination in Zhuhai People's Hospital from January to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed,and were divided into two groups according to whether dexamethasone was used.The control group(n=3103)received no prophylactic injection of dexamethasone,and the study group(n=3667)received intravenous injection of dexamethasone 15 minutes before iodohexol injection.The incidence of adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results In the control group,29 of the 45 patients with adverse reactions included allergic skin symptoms,accounting for 64.44%,14 cases had mild systemic reaction,accounting for 31.11%,2 cases had severe systemic adverse reactions,accouting for 4.44%.In the study group of 22 patients with adverse reactions,6 cases were mild systemic reactions,accounting for 27.27%,15 cases had allergic skin symptoms,accounting for 68.18%,one case had severe systemic reaction,accounting for 4.55%.The total incidence of adverse reactions in study group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of dexamethasone within 15 minutes before contrast agent injection can reduce the degree of adverse reactions.

关 键 词：地塞米松 碘对比剂 不良反应 全身性反应 过敏性皮肤反应 预防使用 

分 类 号：R814[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]