指数施肥对华山松容器苗生长及养分积累与分配的影响  

Effects of exponential fertilization on the biomass and nutrient accumulation and allocation of Pinus armandii container seedlings

作　　者：丰伟 单昌丹 刘家蔓 黄秀松 符龙山 孔惠平 姚增玉[1] FENG Wei;SHAN Changdan;LIU Jiaman;HUANG Xiusong;FU Longshan;KONG Huiping;YAO Zengyu(Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学西南地区生物多样保育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第9期62-69,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：云南省农业基础研究联合专项(2018FG001-008)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究指数施肥对华山松Pinus armandii容器苗生长和养分积累的影响,旨在为华山松壮苗培育提供理论依据。【方法】以华山松容器苗为研究材料,设置常规施肥和指数施肥2种施肥方式,每种施肥方式每株共施含100、200、300和400 mg N的复合肥(N∶P2O5∶K2O为25%∶10%∶20%),不施肥为对照,探究容器苗生长、生物量及养分积累与分配对施肥的响应。【结果】施肥显著促进华山松容器苗生长,2种施肥方式下,容器苗苗高、地径及各器官生物量均随施肥量增加先增加后减少,E300(指数施肥,施300 mg·株^(-1))的苗高、地径和单株生物量最高,分别为对照的1.29、1.15和1.54倍。容器苗根、茎和叶的N含量随施肥量增加而增加且同等施肥量下指数施肥者较高;各器官中P含量则趋于稳定;常规施肥根、茎和叶的K含量随施肥量的增加而增加,指数施肥则先增加后下降。施肥显著促进容器苗N、P和K的积累,E300的根、茎和叶N积累量最高,分别为对照的2.54、3.37和2.76倍;同等施肥量下,N、P和K在根系中的分配比例以指数施肥者更高;养分收获指数随施肥量的增加而降低,同等施肥量下指数施肥者N收获指数较高。【结论】指数施肥在满足华山松容器苗生长的同时扩大其养分积累,诱导容器苗将更多的生物量和养分分配到根部,采用指数施肥方式每株共施含300 mg N的复合肥为华山松壮苗培育的合理方案。【Objective】The effects of exponential fertilization on the growth and nutrient accumulation of Pinus armandii container seedlings were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of strong seedlings.【Method】The Pinus armandii container seedlings were grown under conventional and exponential fertilization regimes,and each container received 100,200,300,and 400 mg N,respectively,and the control plants were treated without fertilization.The responses of the growth and nutrient accumulation of the container seedlings to different fertilization were investigated.【Result】The height,root collar diameter and biomass increased first and then decreased with the increase in fertilizer amount under both conventional and exponential fertilization regimes.The maxima of height,root collar diameter and whole-container biomass occurred under the E300 treatment(exponentially fertilized with 300 mg N per seedling),which were 1.29,1.15 and 1.54 times of the control,respectively.The N concentrations in the roots,stems,and needles of the seedlings increased with the increased fertilizer amount.The N concentration was higher under the exponential fertilization condition than that under the conventional fertilization condition.The P concentration tended to be stable.With the increase in fertilizer amount,the K concentration of the seedlings was increased under the conventional fertilization treatment,which increased first and then decreased under the exponential fertilization condition.Fertilization significantly promoted the accumulation of N,P,and K in the container seedlings.The N accumulation in the roots,stems and needles was the highest under the E300 treatment,which were 2.54,3.37,and 2.76 times of the control,respectively.Under both fertilization regimes,the allocation proportions of resources to root decreased with the increase in fertilizer amount,and the highest proportion was found under the exponential fertilization treatment.Nutrient harvest efficiency decreased with the increase in fertilizer am

关 键 词：华山松 容器苗 生物量 养分积累 养分利用率 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]