汨罗市城市森林结构特征分析  

Analysis on the structural characteristics of urban forests in Miluo City

作　　者：曾雨露 陈彩虹[1] 陈明皋[2] 程勇[2] 魏志恒 张珉[2] 廖德志[2] 庞文胜 吴际友[2] ZENG Yulu;CHEN Caihong;CHEN Minggao;CHENG Yong;WEI Zhiheng;ZHANG Min;LIAO Dezhi;PANG Wensheng;WU Jiyou(School of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Hunan Forestry Academy,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Pingjiang County Forestry Bureau,Yueyang 410400,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]平江县林业局,湖南岳阳410400

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第9期136-143,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南省林业科技创新专项“城市生态林景观提质关键技术研究与示范”(XLK201911)。

摘　　要：【目的】对汨罗市城市森林系统进行研究,分析存在的问题,为汨罗市森林城市建设提供理论参考。【方法】采用样方法和样线法对汨罗市的公园、校园、居住区、道路等四大城市森林类型进行调查研究,计算物种丰富度、Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Pielou均匀度指数,分析四大城市森林类型的物种组成特征、物种多样性以及森林生长总体特征。【结果】1)汨罗市城市森林木本植物总计44科94属120种,以壳斗科Fagaceae、蔷薇科Rosaceae、木兰科Magnoliaceae的物种为主,物种占比分别为36.4%、22.7%和11.2%。2)汨罗市物种多样性不高,且乔木种类总体偏少。在四大城市森林类型中,公园的物种多样性水平相对较高,且树种分布相对较均匀;道路的物种多样性水平相对较低,且差异较大。3)汨罗市城市森林树木树高集中分布在5~10 m区间,树高大于20 m的高大乔木较少。胸径分布总体呈现“两端少,中间多”的趋势,林木的胸径集中分布在10~20 cm区间,胸径大于30 cm的高大乔木比重较小。【结论】汨罗市城市森林植物仍然以少数物种为主导,特别是城乡接合部的道路林带,其乔木种类偏少,规格偏小,物种多样性有较大的提升空间,建议在选择符合本地特色的乡土树种进行栽植的同时,加强城市森林培育。城市景观多样性总体偏低,且行道树的平均冠幅Ⅳ级(>6 m)以上的占总数的20%,未达到国家森林城市的评价指标,森林城市建设需注重高大乔木的运用和加强城市森林的培育,同时进行景观化提质,增加色叶、观花、观果类乔木植物的应用,以提高城市森林的质量。【Objective】This article aimed to conduct a study on the urban forest system in Miluo City,analyze the existing problems and provide theoretical references for the construction of the urban forest in Miluo City.【Method】The sample plot method and sample line method were used to study the four main types of urban forests in Miluo City:parks,campuses,residential areas and roads.The species richness,Shannon index,Simpson index and Pielou evenness index were calculated,and the species composition characteristics,species diversity and overall growth characteristics of the four types of urban forests were analyzed.【Result】1)The study showed that there were 44 families,94 genera,and 120 species of angiosperm plants in the urban forest of Miluo City.The main species were Fagaceae,Rosaceae,and Magnoliaceae,accounting for 36.4%,22.7%,and 11.2%,respectively.2)The species diversity in Miluo City was not high,and the overall number of arboreal species was relatively scarce.Among the four types of urban forests,parks had a relatively high level of species diversity and a relatively uniform distribution of tree species.The species diversity level on roads was relatively low,which varied greatly.3)The tree height distribution in the urban forest of Miluo City was concentrated in the range of 5-10 m,and the proportion of tall trees higher than 20 m was relatively small.The diameter distribution generally showed a trend of“less at both ends and more in the middle”,the diameter of the forest trees was concentrated between 10 cm and 20 cm,and the proportion of tall trees with a diameter greater than 30 cm was relatively small.【Conclusion】The urban forest vegetation of Miluo City is still dominated by a few species,especially the road forest belts in the urban and rural areas.The tree species are few with smaller specifications,which species diversity has great potential for improvement.It is suggested to plant local characteristic native species and strengthen the cultivation of urban forests.The overall diversity

关 键 词：汨罗市 城市森林 结构特征 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]