基于大型物理模型试验的强降雨诱发全风化花岗岩滑坡失稳分析  

Analysis of Landslide Instability of Weathered Granite Induced by Heavy Rainfall Based on Large-scale Physical Model Test

作　　者：刘洪华 武闻禹 王志朋 于鹏 周晓雪 刘瑞军 刘红军[1] LIU Hong-hua;WU Wen-yu;WANG Zhi-peng;YU Peng;ZHOU Xiao-xue;LIU Rui-jun;LIU Hong-jun(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute,Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Laoshan District Beizhai Street,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266100 [2]青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局),青岛266100 [3]自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室,青岛266100 [4]青岛市崂山区北宅街道,青岛266000

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第27期11530-11539,共10页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室开放基金(BHKF2021Z11)。

摘　　要：随着极端天气的增多,极端强降雨诱发滑坡对人民生命财产安全造成重大威胁。以典型强烈风化花岗岩地区青岛崂山的7.23返岭前滑坡为实例,基于相似准则,采用大型滑坡模型试验箱,开展了3组不同极端降雨条件下的室内模型试验,分析了不同降雨强度条件下边坡对降雨入渗的响应规律、边坡变形过程与破坏模式,总结了强烈风化地区极端降雨诱发花岗岩类滑坡的诱发机理与降雨成灾过程。结果表明:①降雨诱发全风化花岗岩滑坡经历了浸润侵蚀、表层变形、破坏加深和整体失稳4个阶段,坡体呈现“片状溜滑”特征;②降雨强度越大,降雨入渗速率越高,土压力、孔隙水压力和含水率变化越快,滞后效应越弱;③坡体变形破坏与降雨入渗具有一定的空间分布规律,研究成果可为强烈风化花岗岩地区的滑坡预警与治理提供参考。With the increase of extreme weather,landslides induced by extreme heavy rainfall pose a major threat to the safety of people's lives and property.Taking the 7.23 Fanling landslide in Laoshan,Qingdao,a typical strongly weathered granite area,as an example,based on the similarity criterion,three groups of indoor model tests under different extreme rainfall conditions were carried out using a large landslide model test box,and the response law of the slope to rainfall infiltration under different rainfall intensity conditions,slope deformation process and failure mode were analyzed.The inducing mechanism and rainfall disaster process of granite landslide induced by extreme rainfall in strongly weathered areas were summarized.The results show these as follows.The completely weathered granite landslide induced by rainfall has experienced four stages,namely,infiltration erosion,surface deformation,damage deepening and overall instability,and the slope is characterized by“sheet slip”.The greater the rainfall intensity,the higher the rainfall infiltration rate,the faster the change of soil pressure,pore water pressure and water content,and the weaker the hysteresis effect.There is a certain spatial distribution law between slope deformation and damage and rainfall infiltration,and the research results can provide reference for landslide warning and treatment in strongly weathered granite areas.

关 键 词：极端降雨 全风化花岗岩 大型模型试验 降雨入渗规律 滑坡破坏过程与模式 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]