基于有限元-无限元法的列车声辐射  

Train Sound Radiation Based on Finite-Infinite Element Method

作　　者：朱程 郑天锐 徐力 金鑫 汤学军 周劲松 ZHU Cheng;ZHENG Tian-rui;XU Li;JIN Xin;TANG Xue-jun;ZHOU Jin-song(Technology Center of CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co.Ltd.,Nanjing 210031,China;Institute of Railway and Urban Rail Transit,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司技术中心,南京210031 [2]同济大学,铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,上海201804

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第27期11810-11815,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51805373);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(22120210558)。

摘　　要：基于有限元-无限元理论,建立某型车的有限元模型,设置车辆近场监测点、远场监测面及无限元边界面,利用直接频响方法对头车、中间车及尾车的关键区域在不同频率下的声场特性进行分析。计算结果表明:头车和尾车区域在低频区段(100 Hz以内)时车体顶部平滑区域的声辐射较小,在鼻尖及其下方的转向架区域的最大声压级为153 dB,其中尾车后方区域相比头车区域的声压级水平和声辐射范围偏大,存在明显的流场影响,但在高频区段时其整体声压级均匀且水平较低。中间车在低频区段时受电弓区域的最大声压级为158 dB,在碳滑板和底架处尤为明显,其次在转向架区域的声辐射能力较大,随着频率的提升,其能量有显著的衰减。研究结果对高速列车的气动声学设计具有一定的参考价值。Based on the finite element-infinite element theory,the finite element model of a certain type of vehicle was established,and the vehicle near-field monitoring points,far-field monitoring surfaces and infinite element boundary interfaces were set,and the direct frequency response method was used to analyze the sound field characteristics of the key areas of the head car,the middle car and the tail car at different frequencies.The calculation results show that the sound radiation of the smooth area on the top of the car body is small when the head car and tail car area are in the low frequency range(within 100 Hz),and the maximum sound pressure level of the bogie area at the nose tip and below is 153 dB.The sound pressure level and sound radiation range of the rear area of the tail car are larger than that of the head car area,and there is obvious flow field effect,but the overall sound pressure level is uniform and low in the high frequency range.The maximum sound pressure level of the intermediate car in the pantograph area in the low frequency range is 158 dB,especially at the carbon slide plate and underframe,and the sound radiation capacity in the bogie area is relatively large.With the increase of frequency,its energy has a significant attenuation.The research results have certain reference value for the aeroacoustic design of high-speed trains.

关 键 词：有限元-无限元法 气动声学 车辆 声压级 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程]