生物菌肥对四倍体刺槐植株生长的影响  

Effects of biological fungus fertilizers on the growth of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia L.

作　　者：姜雅轩 孔德馨 雷培 董坤 张毓[2] 董畅 徐永清[5] 孟凡娟[1] JIANG Yaxuan;KONG Dexin;LEI Pei;DONG Kun;ZHANG Yu;DONG Chang;XU Yongqing;MENG Fanjuan(College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Horticultural Branch of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150000,Heilongjiang,China;Xichang University,Xichang 615000,Sichuan,China;Harbin Nuanchang Technology Co.,LTD,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;College of Life Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [3]西昌学院,四川西昌615000 [4]哈尔滨暖畅科技有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [5]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第8期27-35,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071728);哈尔滨市“雏鹰计划”专项(2020CYJBCG0011)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究施用生物菌肥对二倍体刺槐和四倍体刺槐生长的影响,为发展四倍体刺槐的广泛种植奠定基础。【方法】以大田中的2年生的二倍体刺槐和四倍体刺槐为试验材料,测定了施用EM生物菌肥后对刺槐的基本生长指标,光合作用参数以及呼吸作用参数的影响,为刺槐栽培的合理施肥提供参考。【结果】施肥的刺槐比未施肥的长势更好且较为粗壮。相对于二倍体而言,四倍体叶片颜色表现为更深且更饱满,长势更高且株幅更大。施肥后2种刺槐的株高、株幅、地径、叶长、叶宽、叶绿素均发生显著增长(P<0.05)。其中四倍体刺槐和二倍体刺槐实验组与其对照组相比,株高总增长量分别增加了23.90%、51.57%;株幅总增长量增加59.60%、14.06%;地径总增长量增加18.84%、10.20%;叶长总增长量分别增加13.75%、20.24%;叶宽总增长量分别增加11.70%,72.00%;叶绿素总增长量分别增加24.06%、45.24%。刺槐叶片中光合作用的相关指标净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度以及蒸腾速率施肥组显著高于未施肥组(P<0.05),呼吸作用的相关数据总呼吸速率,交替呼吸速率以及细胞色素呼吸速率的变化趋势大体相同,随着施肥后时间的延长,各组均呈现先下降后上升的趋势,施肥后的刺槐呼吸作用显著优于未施肥的刺槐,四倍体刺槐显著优于二倍体刺槐。整体来看四倍体刺槐的生长状态以及生理参数均好于二倍体刺槐,与施肥前的四倍体和二倍体刺槐相比,存在株高分别增长42.60%、74.56%,地径分别增长99.80%、85.53%,叶片增长65.30%、75.94%等现象,并且施肥的刺槐的生长状态以及生理参数均好于未施肥的刺槐。【结论】综上所述,四倍体刺槐施肥后在形态生理指标上优于二倍体刺槐,因此适量施用生物菌肥对刺槐的生长有促进作用。【Objective】The purpose of this article was to study the effect of biological fungus fertilizers on the growth of diploid and tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia L.,to lay a foundation for the development of the widespread cultivation of tetraploid locust.【Method】In order to provide references for the rational fertilization of Robinia pseudoacacia L.,the basic growth indexes,photosynthetic parameters and respiratory parameters of Robinia pseudoacacia L.were measured by applying EM biologic fungus fertilizers on diploid and tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia L..【Result】Robinia pseudoacacia L.with fertilizers grew better and stronger than that without fertilizers.Compared with diploid,tetraploid leaves were darker and saturated in color,with higher growth and larger plant width.After fertilization,the plant height,plant width,ground diameter,leaf length,leaf width and chlorophyll of the two kinds of Robinia pseudoacacia L.increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the total plant height of the tetraploid and diploid Robinia pseudoacacia L.groups increased by 23.90%and 51.57%,respectively.The total growth of plant width increased by 59.60%and 14.06%,respectively.The total growth of ground diameter increased by 18.84%and 10.20%,respectively.The total leaf length increased by 13.75%and 20.24%,respectively.The total growth of leaf width increased by 11.70%and 72.00%,respectively.The total growth of chlorophyll increased by 24.06%and 45.24%,respectively.The Pn,Gs,Ci and Tr rates in Robinia pseudoacacia L.leaves were significantly higher in the fertilization group than those in the non-fertilization group(P<0.05),the relevant data of total respiration rate,respiratory rate and alternately cytochrome respirate rate were approximately in the same changing trend,with the extension of time after fertilization,the groups all showed a trend of decline after rising first.After fertilization,the respiration of locust was significantly better than that without fertilization.Tetraploid was significantly be

关 键 词：生物菌肥 四倍体刺槐 光合效率 生长指标 

分 类 号：S723.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]