基于多源LiDAR的阔叶红松林林分空间结构特征分析  

Stand spatial structure characterization of broad-leaved Pinus koraiensis forest based on multi-source LiDAR data

作　　者：黄露波 甄贞[1,2] 赵颖慧[1,2] HUANG Lubo;ZHEN Zhen;ZHAO Yinghui(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第8期36-50,共15页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870530);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY101602);国家林业和草原科学数据中心黑龙江子平台项目(2005DKA32200-OH)。

摘　　要：【目的】以阔叶红松林为例,以多源LiDAR点云数据为切入点,探索无破坏性地分析林分空间结构特征,为阔叶红松林林分空间调整优化提出建议,以促进林分更新演替。【方法】以东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场1块100 m×100 m的阔叶红松林样地的无人机激光雷达(Unmanned aerial vehicle LiDAR,UAV-LiDAR)、地基激光雷达(Terrestrial laser scanning,TLS)和野外调查数据为数据源,融合UAV-LiDAR和TLS数据后进行单木分割和单木参数提取(包括单木位置、胸径、冠幅、树之间的夹角和距离等),计算和统计样地空间结构参数(包括角尺度、大小比数、混交度和密集度)和频率分布,采用Origin 2018软件建立结构参数的多元分布图并进行分析。【结果】在林分密度为1269株/hm^(2)的阔叶红松林分中,基于融合后的UAV-LiDAR和TLS数据单木分割精度为F=0.70;阔叶红松林林分空间结构结构特征为林内林木大多处于随机分布、中庸状态,呈高度密集、中度及以上混交状态,林木大小分化均匀;林木间竞争激烈,对象木树冠多与周围3~4株相邻木树冠相连;阔叶红松林中林木存在不合理分布的组合,频率值为0.40%、0.75%和3.50%。【结论】利用融合LiDAR数据提取参数并计算林分空间结构参数,较传统方法可实现无破坏性的林分空间结构特征分析;林分空间结构参数的多元分布可以展示了林分内部空间结构特征,可以准确地获取不合理结构组合从而进行林分结构调整优化。【Objective】Taking Pinus koraiensis forest as an example and the fusion of LiDAR data as the key,the non-destructive multivariate distribution of stand spatial structure parameters was explored in this study,which provided suggestions for stand spatial optimization and adjustment for Pinus koraiensis forest and promoting forest succession.【Method】Taking Unmanned Aerial Vehicle LiDAR(UAV-LiDAR),Terrestrial Laser Scanning(TLS)data and field inventory data of a 100 m×100 m(1 hm^(2))sample plot of Pinus koraiensis forest in Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University as the data source,the UAV-LiDAR and TLS data were fused,the segmentation of individual tree crown was performed,and the individual tree parameters(tree position,DBH,crown width,the angle and distance between trees,etc.)were extracted.The stand spatial structure parameters of the sample plot(including uniform angle index,neighborhood comparison,mingling degree and crowding degree)and the frequency distribution were calculated and counted.The multivariate distribution maps of stand spatial structure parameters were established by Origin 2018.【Result】The accuracy of individual tree segmentation based on the fusion of UAV-LiDAR and TLS data was F=0.70 in the stand with a tree density of 1269 trees/hm2.The spatial structure of the broad-leaved red pine forest was characterized by a random distribution state,moderate state,highly dense state and medium and above mixed state of most trees in Pinus koraiensis forest,and the tree size was uniform.The competition among trees was fierce,and the crown of the target tree was mostly connected with the crown of three to four neighboring trees.There were unreasonable distribution combinations in Pinus koraiensis forest,and the frequency values were 0.40%,0.75%and 3.50%,respectively.【Conclusion】Compared with the traditional method,the stand spatial structure parameters could be calculated and evaluated with the non-destructive method based on the individual tree parameters extract

关 键 词：激光雷达数据 单木参数 林分空间结构 多元分布 

分 类 号：S791.226[农业科学—林木遗传育种]